Treatment of Constipation with High‐bran Bread in Long‐term Care of Severely Demented Elderly Patients

Sandman, Per‐Olof; Adolfsson, Rolf; Hallmans, Göran; Nygren, Charlotte; Nyström, Lennarth; Winblad, Bengt

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1983.tb04873.x

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This result suggested that the function of the large intestine is maintained in the normal defecation group and supplementation of DF in this state is effective. However, several researchers have shown that wheat bran is as effective or even more effective than cellulose in increasing fecal weight and defecation frequency in subjects with constipation [42,43]. This suggests that if wheat bran, which is more closely related to natural fiber, were substituted for cellulose in the present study, a more effective result for the constipation group might have been demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of Cellulose Supplementation on Fecal Consistency and Fecal Weight

et al. 2007

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We investigated the effects of cellulose supplementation on fecal consistency and fecal weight. About 26 women were classified into two groups-normal defecation and constipation groups. All subjects ate the following meals during the experiment: ordinary meals (first week), experimental meals (second week), and experimental meals mixed with 4 g (third week) and 8 g (fourth week) cellulose. The experimental meal contained 16.7 g fiber. Fecal weights, fecal water content, fecal consistency, and defecation frequency were measured during the experimental period. As a result, in the normal defecation group, the mean fecal weight was 222.9 g day(-1) in the first week, and thereafter decreased. Although 20/24 g of fiber intake in the third/fourth week increased the fecal weight to over 150 g, the fecal consistency was still lower than the optimal consistency of around 300 g cm(-2). However, these changes were not observed in the constipated group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of Cellulose Supplementation on Fecal Consistency and Fecal Weight

et al. 2007

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“…Furthermore, it has since long been known that a high intake of wheat bran (Brodribb & Humphreys, 1976;Beck & Villaume, 1987) or a mixture of wheat bran and rye bran (Sandman et al, 1983) is associated with an improved glucose tolerance in humans without diabetes. In two recent reports Juntunen et al (2002) has studied the impact of rye bran on insulin metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of meal frequency and high-fibre rye-bread diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and ileal excretion of energy and sterols in ileostomy subjects

et al. 2004

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Objective: To investigate the effect of a rye, high-fibre diet (HFD) vs a wheat, low-fibre diet (LFD), meal frequency, nibbling (Nib, seven times a day) or ordinary (Ord, three times a day), and their combined effects on blood glucose, insulin, lipids, urinary C-peptide and ileal excretion of energy, cholesterol and bile acids in humans. Design: LFD period with Nib or Ord meal frequency followed by an HFD diet with Nib or Ord meal frequency in randomized, crossover design. Setting: Outpatients of ileostomy volunteers were called for an investigation in research word. Subjects: A total of 10 subjects (two female subjects, age 34 and 51 y; eight males, mean age 54.4 y, range 43-65 y) participated in the experiment. All subjects were proctocolectomized for ulcerative colitis (mean 16.0 y, range 8-29 y before the study). Intervention: In total, 10 ileostomy subjects started with LFD for 2 weeks, the first week on either Nib (five subjects) or Ord (five subjects) and the second week on the other meal frequencies, in a crossover design, followed by a wash-out week, and continued with HFD period for 2 weeks in the same meal frequency manner. All foods consumed in both Nib or Ord regimens were identical and a high-fibre rye bread was used in the HFD period and a low-fibre wheat bread in the LFD period. Main outcome measures: Day-profiles of blood glucose, insulin and lipids, blood lipids before and after dietary intervention, and excretion of steroids in the effluents and C-peptide in the urine. Results: During the Nib regimen, plasma glucose and insulin peaks were lower at the end of the day with HFD compared with LFD. Urinary C-peptide excretion was significantly higher in the day-time on LFD compared with HFD (LFD-Ord vs HFD-Ord, Po0.01; LFD-Nib vs HFD-Nib, Po0.01). Plasma free-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were significantly higher (Po0.05) after LFD than after HFD with the Nib regimen. A higher excretion of energy (Po0.05) and chenodeoxycholic acid (Po0.05) were observed with HFD compared with LFD regardless of meal frequency. A higher daily excretion of cholic acid, total bile acids, cholesterol, net cholesterol and net sterols (Po0.05) was observed on HFD compared with LFD with the Nib regimen. Conclusions: An HFD decreased insulin secretion measured as a decreased excretion of C-peptide in urine and as decreased plasma insulin peaks at the end of the day during a Nib regimen. The smoother glycaemic responses at the end of the day during a Nib regimen may be a consequence of a second meal phenomenon, possibly related to the nature of dietary fibre complex. Contributors: EAL and JXZ were responsible for the study design, conducting the dietary intervention, completing the statistical analysis and writing the paper. PT was responsible for the study design and conducting the dietary intervention of the study. DL was involved in the advisory of writing the paper and the analysis of the blood lipids. PÅ was involved in the concept and planning, and the analysis of the nutrients in the...

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“…Moreover, rye arabinoxylan, possibly β-glucan, and lignan have favourable effects on cholesterol levels and on insulin and glucose metabolism, e.g. by increasing the insulin sensitivity (Sandman et al, 1983;Hagander, 1987;Lund et al, 1993;Zhang et al, 1993;Pietinen et al, 1996;Hallmans et al, 1997Hallmans et al, , 2003Davies et al, 1999, Leinonen et al, 1999Gråsten et al, 2000;Mutanen et al, 2000;Bondia-Pons et al, 2009;Rosen et al, 2009). Although comprehensive results on human intervention studies are scarce, it is diffi cult to formulate any conclusion indicating that whole-grain rye is cancerprotective.…”

Section: Potential Health Effects Of Rye Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Preventive effect on constipation due to the: increased faecal weight; shorter intestinal transit time; softer faeces Sandman et al, 1983Holma et al, 2010Hongisto et al, 2006 Benefi cial effect on weight control due to the increased viscosity of food in the stomach, thus delaying the evacuation of stomach contents into the small intestine. This increases the replete feeling, and thus helps in dieting.…”

Section: Potential Health Effects Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rye

Arendt¹,

Zannini²

2013

Cereal Grains for the Food and Beverage Industries

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Rye (Secale cereale) has been cultivated in Europe since ancient times and is genetically related to wheat and barley. Representing less than 1 % of the world cereal production, rye is mainly grown where rye breads are most popular; in countries such as Poland, Germany and Western Russia. Despite the agronomic advantage of being able to fl ourish in conditions which are unsuitable for wheat, rye's bread-making performance is markedly lower in comparison. The macronutrients in rye are the same as other cereals -starch, dietary fi bre and protein. However, rye generally contains less starch and crude protein than wheat, but more free sugars and dietary fi bre. Of the free sugars, sucrose dominates. The rye grain is second after wheat in importance for the production of breads (black bread, crisp bread, pumpernickel and sourdough bread), and it is also important in the distillation of rye whisky and as livestock feeds.

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Treatment of Constipation with High‐bran Bread in Long‐term Care of Severely Demented Elderly Patients

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Cellulose Supplementation on Fecal Consistency and Fecal Weight

Effects of Cellulose Supplementation on Fecal Consistency and Fecal Weight

Effects of meal frequency and high-fibre rye-bread diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and ileal excretion of energy and sterols in ileostomy subjects

Rye

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