Treatment of Children With Autism: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate an Intervention Program Based in Community Day Cares. • 71

Change in autism core symptoms with intervention

“…To date, the majority of outcome studies do not use one of the primary measures of autism as an outcome measure (Rogers, 1998). A minority of studies that look at reduction of autism symptoms used the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) (Krug, Arick, & Almond, 1980), or the Childhood Autism Rating Scales (CARS) (Jocelyn et al, 1998;Ozonoff & Cathcart, 1998) which are not based on DSM-IV criteria.…”

“…This model is interdisciplinary involving speech and language, psychology, occupational, and special education therapists. Family consultation is a major component of this program (Dawson & Osterling, 1997;Jocelyn, Casiro, Beattle, Bow, & Kneisz, 1998;Rogers & DiLlla, 1991). The Greenspan DIR approach uses three learning principles: (a) following the child's lead and engaging in child-mediated interactions that are based on the child's natural emotional interests; (b) semi-structured problem-solving interactions that meet specific language cognitive and social goals; (c) motor, sensory and spatial learning activities (Greenspan & Wieder, 1999).…”

An Evaluation of the Parents Plus Programme for pre-School Children with Conduct Problems: A Comparison of those with and without Developmental Disabilities

“…Small sample sizes of about 20 per group are not unusual for this type of study (e.g., Brightman et al, 1982;Chadwick et al, 2001;Heifetz, 1977;Hudson, 1985;Jocelyn et al, 1998;Kashima et al, 1988; undetected. The absence of a no-treatment control group prevents conclusions from being drawn about the degree to which improvements were due to maturation or the passage of time.…”

“…A variety of parent training programmes have been developed to address such behavioural problems in children with developmental disabilities (Baker & Abbott Feinfield, in press;GavidiaPayne & Hudson, 2002;Hudson, 2000;Lutzker & Steed, 1998), including group-based behavioural parent training programmes (e.g., Brightman, Baker, Clark & Ambrose, 1982;Chadwick, Morncilovic, Rossiter & Stumbles, 2001;Heifetz, 1977;Hudson, 1985;Hudson et al, 2003;Jocelyn, Casiro, Beattie, Dow & Kneisz, 1998;Kashima, Baker & Landen, 1988;Prieto-Bayard & Baker, 1986;Tavormina, 1975). In parallel with these developments in the disability field, videomodelling assisted training packages for use in group-based settings for parents of children with conduct problems (but without developmental disabilities) have been developed and the efficacy of these programmes is well established (e.g., Behan & Carr, 2000;Webster-Stratton & Reid, 2003).…”

Challenges in Evaluating Psychosocial Interventions for Autistic Spectrum Disorders

“…They demonstrate the important effects of study enrollment and the perception of receiving a potentially effective treatment. Yet there are only three published studies that have used a randomized control design to determine intervention outcome in response to psychosocial treatments (Drew et al, 2002;Jocelyn, Casiro, Beattie, Bow, & Kneisz, 1998;Smith et al, 2000a, b). In the Smith and colleagues' study of a comprehensive program of the Lovaas treatment model, at follow-up, the intensive treatment group had a statistically significant advantage over a parent-training group in IQ and visual-spatial skills, but not adaptive behavior or language.…”