Treatment of Cereal Products with a Tailored Preparation ofTrichodermaEnzymes Increases the Amount of Soluble Dietary Fiber

Abstract

Nutritionists recommend increasing the intake of soluble dietary fiber (SDF), which is very low in most cereal-based products. Conversion of insoluble DF (IDF) into SDF can be achieved by chemical treatments, but this affects the sensorial properties of the products. In this study, the possibility of getting a substantial increase of SDF from cereal products using a tailored preparation of Trichoderma enzymes is reported. Enzymes were produced cultivating Trichoderma using durum wheat fiber (DWF) and barley spent grain (BSG) as unique carbon sources. Many Trichoderma strains were screened, and the hydrolysis conditions able to increase by enzymatic treatment the amount of SDF in DWF and BSG were determined. Results demonstrate in both products that it is possible to triple the amount of SDF without a marked decrease of total DF. The enzymatic treatment also causes the release of hydroxycinnamic acids, mainly ferulic acid, that are linked to the polysaccharides chains. This increases the free phenolic concentration, the water-soluble antioxidant activity, and, in turn, the phenol compounds bioavailability.

Soluble Dietary Fiber

“…IDF can be converted into SDF by chemical treatment, and this affects the sensory properties of the products. A newer approach is treatment of a cereal product with a tailored preparation of a Trichoderma enzyme (Napolitano and others 2006). The method has been proven successful and authors have validated that the typical method increases the SDF amount by 3 times its original amount without any marked decrease in TDF.…”

“…The above treatment also causes the release of hydroxycinnamic acid, mainly ferulic acid that is linked to the polysaccharide chains. This is accompanied with an increase in the free phenolic concentration, water‐soluble antioxidant activity, and bioavailability of the phenol compounds (Napolitano and others 2006).…”

Hydrolysis of Brewers' Spent Grain by Carbohydrate Degrading Enzymes

“…Enzymatic hydrolysis of BSG has been investigated in order to solubilise proteins by proteolytic enzymes 13,32,50 , xylooligosaccharides by xylanases 28 , glucose by a mixture of hydrolases 37 or FA with feruloyl esterase either alone or together with xylanase 5,18 . Trichoderma enzymes have also been used to increase the amount of soluble dietary fibre in BSG 39 . In this work the efficiency of different commercial cell-wall degrading enzymes for the selective solubilisation of carbohydrates from BSG were compared and the compositions of the unhydrolysed residue and solubilised carbohydrates were analyzed.…”

Bran bioprocessing for enhanced functional properties

“…enzymes Increase of the amount of soluble DF, hydroxycinnamic acids, free phenolic concentration, water-soluble antioxidant activity, and phenol compounds bioavailability [38] Xylanase (from Bacillus subtilis) Production of oligosaccharides and feruloylated oligosaccharides [39] Xylanase (from Bacillus subtilis)…”