Treatment of atoxoplasmosis in the Blue-crowned Laughing Thrush (<i>Dryonastes courtoisi</i>)

Jamriška, Ján; Lavilla, Lourdes A.; Thomasson, Ann; Barbón, Alberto Rodríguez; López, Jordi Mas; Modrý, David

doi:10.1080/03079457.2013.854309

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Recurrence of oocyst shedding after treatment ceasing could be due to reinfection of birds with environmental oocysts in their cages as we did not perform any environmental decontamination after trial termination. On the other hand, the oocyst shedding could be the result of reinfection of intestinal cells with extra-intestinal parasites, against which the anticoccidial drugs might not be efficient, as was shown in other species of birds (Jamriška et al, 2013). It is concluded that both diclazuril and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim can effectively eliminate parasite shedding; however, further controlled studies are required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In a study comparing the efficacy of sulphaquinoxaline, sulfamethazine and diclazuril in green-winged saltator (Saltator similis) isosporiasis, it was concluded that sulphaquinoxaline is more effective than diclazuril, while another study in seed-finches verified the better effectiveness of diclazuril than sulphaquinoxaline (Coelho et al, 2012a, b;Coelho et al, 2013). It was demonstrated that a similar drug, toltrazuril, can effectively eliminate all intestinal stages of Isospora in the laughing thrush (Dryonastes courtoisi) (Jamriška et al, 2013). Recurrence of oocyst shedding after treatment ceasing could be due to reinfection of birds with environmental oocysts in their cages as we did not perform any environmental decontamination after trial termination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and morphological description ofIsosporasp. from the common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) and a preliminary survey of two anticoccidial drugs in natural infection

et al. 2018

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Coccidian parasites, especially Isospora, are prevalent parasites in Passeriformes. Isosporan oocysts from common mynahs (Acridotheres tristis) are incompletely described. Detailed knowledge on biology, prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment of avian isosporiasis is scant. In this study, isosporan oocysts isolated from common mynahs were morphologically and molecularly characterized. The medication efficiencies of diclazuril and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim in isosporiasis in naturally infected mynahs were evaluated. Isosporan oocysts from common mynahs were described morphologically by microscopic imaging. The 18S rRNA and COI genes were amplified using PCR and the resultant products were sequenced and analysed phylogenetically. To evaluate the efficiencies of diclazuril and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, two experimental treatment groups and a null control were assigned. General health status, weight and oocysts per gram of faeces were evaluated. Oocysts from all birds contained isosporan oocysts that were morphologically and dimensionally similar (P < 0.05). The oocysts were spherical; with no oocyst residuum, micropyle or polar granules. At both loci, phylogenetic analyses placed the Isospora isolate in the same clade with Isospora spp. from other Passeriformes. Both of the anticoccidials were well tolerated by the birds, a rapid reduction in oocyst excretion was noted at the commencement of treatment and 72 h after drug administration, oocyst excretion zeroed in all treated birds. Based on morphological and molecular data, this isolate does not resemble any previously described isosporas, hence Isospora tristum n. sp. is proposed for the current species. Both evaluated anticoccidials seemed to be efficient in reduction of oocyst production and can be recommended for the treatment of mynah isosporiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological description ofIsosporasp. from the common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) and a preliminary survey of two anticoccidial drugs in natural infection

et al. 2018

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“…This parasite is considered as endemic in wild birds, and infection does not result in a significant mortality rate, however cases of fatal disease may occur under the influence of stress, concurrent infections, or immunosuppression, especially for young birds in captivity ( Cushing et al, 2011 ). Isospora extraintestinal infection has been reported in a wide variety of birds, such as canaries ( Quiroga et al, 2000 ), blue-crowned laughingthrush ( Jamriška et al, 2013 ; Mohr et al, 2017 ; Barbón et al, 2019 ), tanagers ( Adkesson et al, 2005 ), green-winged saltator ( Oliveira et al, 2018 ), sparrows, finches, starlings, and thrushes ( Cushing et al, 2011 ). Clinical signs of atoxoplasmosis (systemic isosporosis) in birds are nonspecific and may include anorexia, diarrhea, ruffled feathers, reduction of pectoral musculature, distended abdomen, retracted neck, and respiratory difficulties ( Maslin & Latimer, 2009 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Apicomplexa protozoa in wild birds in the Northeast region of Brazil

Moura

Nascimento

Oliveira

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Protozoa of the Apicomplexa phylum are worldwide distributed with capacity to infect endothermic animals. The study of these protozoa in wild birds in Brazil is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of apicomplexan protozoa in wild birds in the Northeast of Brazil. From October to December 2019, brain tissue samples were collected from 71 captive birds from the Wild Animal Screening Center of the Pernambuco State (CETRAS-Tangara) and 25 free-living birds from the Caatinga biome in Rio Grande do Norte, totaling 96 animals (41 species). Brain fragments were subjected to molecular diagnosis by nested PCR for the 18s rDNA gene of Apicomplexa parasites, followed by DNA sequencing. This gene was detected in 25% (24/96) of the samples, and it was possible to perform DNA sequencing of 14 samples, confirming three genera: Isospora, Sarcocystis and Toxoplasma from eight bird species (Amazona aestiva, Coereba flaveola, Egretta thula, Paroaria dominicana, Sporophila nigricollis, Cariama cristata, Columbina talpacoti, Crypturellus parvirostris). The occurrence these coccidia in wild birds provides important epidemiological information for the adoption of preventive measures for its conservation. Future studies are needed to better understand the consequence of Apicomplexa infection in birds in Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes.

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“…However, our results showed that treatment with toltrazuril combined with enrofloxacin promoted improvement in clinical status and survival of infected birds. Similarly, Jamriška et al (2013) concluded that toltrazuril is effective against atoxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraintestinal isosporoid coccidian causing atoxoplasmosis in captive green-winged saltators: clinical and hematological features

et al. 2017

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Populations of green-winged saltators, Saltator similis, are decreasing especially because of illegal trade and infectious diseases. We describe natural cases of an extraintestinal isosporoid coccidian in caged S. similis, and suggest the need of preventive measures in handling these birds. Nonspecific clinical signs were seen in all of them, however, intracytoplasmic Atoxoplasma sp. was found in peripheral blood, reinforcing the idea of systemic isosporosis. Leukocytosis with high number of heterophils and monocytes suggested that atoxoplasmosis in green-winged saltators can progress as an acute disease. The birds showed clinical improvement after treatment. Handling recommendations were proposed to upgrade hygienic conditions of the facilities. We concluded that nonspecific symptoms and an acute inflammatory process can be associated with atoxoplasmosis in young S. similis. We emphasize the importance of blood smear to detect merozoites.

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Treatment of atoxoplasmosis in the Blue-crowned Laughing Thrush (Dryonastes courtoisi)

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Molecular and morphological description ofIsosporasp. from the common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) and a preliminary survey of two anticoccidial drugs in natural infection

Molecular and morphological description ofIsosporasp. from the common mynah (Acridotheres tristis) and a preliminary survey of two anticoccidial drugs in natural infection

Occurrence of Apicomplexa protozoa in wild birds in the Northeast region of Brazil

Extraintestinal isosporoid coccidian causing atoxoplasmosis in captive green-winged saltators: clinical and hematological features

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