Treatment of an Aedes aegypti colony with the Cry11Aa toxin for 54 generations results in the development of resistance

Cadavid-Restrepo, Gloria; Sahaza, Jorge H.; Ordúz, Sergio

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762012000100010

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The formation of extracellular and intracellular silver nanoparticles by bacteria (Pseudomonas stulzeri AG259 (Tanja et al 1999), Klepsiella pneumoniae (Ahmad et al 2007), B. licheniformis (Kalimuthu et al 2008), E. coli (Gurunathan et al 2009a, b), Staphylococcus aureus ( The present investigation exploited the culture supernatant of B. megaterium for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. B. thuringiens was often known for its mosquito larvicide effects whereas the resistance against cry toxins neglected their usage in the recent decades (Surendran and Vennison 2011;Cadavid-Restrepo et al 2012;Chenniappan and Ayyadurai 2012). The present study exemplified that the formation of yellowish brown color was due to reduction of silver ions that indicated the formation of silver nanoparticles and exhibit yellowish brown color in aqueous solution due to excitation of surface plasmon vibrations in silver nanoparticles which correlated with the results obtained by Mukherjee et al (2001), Vigneshwaran et al (2007), Soni and Prakash (2012), and Najitha .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Bacillus megaterium against malarial and dengue vector (Diptera: Culicidae)

Banu¹,

Balasubramanian

2015

Parasitol Res

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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has provoked nowadays and alternative to physical and chemical approaches. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized extracellular method using Bacillus megaterium. The AgNPs formations were confirmed initially through color change, and the aliquots were characterized through UV-visible spectrophotometer, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The surface plasmon resonance band was shown at 430 nm in UV-vis spectrophotometer. The bioreduction was categorized through identifying the compounds responsible for the AgNP synthesis, and the functional group present in B. megaterium cell-free culture was scrutinized using FTIR. The topography and morphology of the particles were determined using SEM. In addition, this biosynthesized AgNPs were found to show higher insecticidal efficacy against vector mosquitoes. The LC50 and LC90 were found to be 0.567, 2.260; 0.90, 4.44; 1.349, 8.269; and 1.640, 9.152 and 0.240, 0.955; 0.331, 1.593; 0.494, 2.811; and 0.700, 4.435 with respect to the first, second, third, and fourth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti. All the calculated χ (2) values are highly significant compared with the tabulated value. Therefore, B. megaterium-synthesized silver nanoparticles would be used as a potent larvicidal agent against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Bacillus megaterium against malarial and dengue vector (Diptera: Culicidae)

Banu¹,

Balasubramanian

2015

Parasitol Res

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“…israelensis residual activity in many different conditions, including rivers, lotic zones, benthic zones (1, 2, 39), saltmarshes (8), and water tanks and containers (6,34). It was shown that this residual activity ranged from a few days to several months, and many environmental factors (e.g., UV light, temperature, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to Mosquito Larvae after Contact with Leaf Litter

Tetreau

Stalinski

Kersusan

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is a bacterium producing crystals containing Cry and Cyt proteins, which are toxic for mosquito larvae. Nothing is known about the interaction between crystal toxins and decaying leaf litter, which is a major component of several mosquito breeding sites and represents an important food source. In the present work, we investigated the behavior of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis toxic crystals sprayed on leaf litter. In the presence of leaf litter, a 60% decrease in the amount of Cyt toxin detectable by immunology (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays [ELISAs]) was observed, while the respective proportions of Cry toxins were not affected. The toxicity of Cry toxins toward Aedes aegypti larvae was not affected by leaf litter, while the synergistic effect of Cyt toxins on all B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Cry toxins was decreased by about 20% when mixed with leaf litter. The toxicity of two commercial B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strains (VectoBac WG and VectoBac 12AS) and a laboratory-produced B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis strain decreased by about 70% when mixed with leaf litter. Taken together, these results suggest that Cyt toxins interact with leaf litter, resulting in a decreased toxicity of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in litter-rich environments and thereby dramatically reducing the efficiency of mosquitocidal treatments.

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“…Studies reporting that individuals show resistance to one toxin but not to another suggest that different resistance mechanisms exist [189]. The mechanisms of resistance to Bti Cry toxins are widely studied in Culex and Aedes species [176,[190][191][192][193][194], and marginal cross-resistances have been identified [193,195]. To date, resistance of malaria-carrying species to Bti has not been found [196].…”

Section: Resistance To Btimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito-Borne Diseases Emergence/Resurgence and How to Effectively Control It Biologically

2020

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Deadly pathogens and parasites are transmitted by vectors and the mosquito is considered the most threatening vector in public health, transmitting these pathogens to humans and animals. We are currently witnessing the emergence/resurgence in new regions/populations of the most important mosquito-borne diseases, such as arboviruses and malaria. This resurgence may be the consequence of numerous complex parameters, but the major cause remains the mismanagement of insecticide use and the emergence of resistance. Biological control programmes have rendered promising results but several highly effective techniques, such as genetic manipulation, remain insufficiently considered as a control mechanism. Currently, new strategies based on attractive toxic sugar baits and new agents, such as Wolbachia and Asaia, are being intensively studied for potential use as alternatives to chemicals. Research into new insecticides, Insect Growth Regulators, and repellent compounds is pressing, and the improvement of biological strategies may provide key solutions to prevent outbreaks, decrease the danger to at-risk populations, and mitigate resistance.Pathogens 2020, 9, 310 2 of 26 are not used at all, and those that are still in the test or design phase but are very promising, which we suggest to be considered in the biological control of mosquito-borne diseases.

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Treatment of an Aedes aegypti colony with the Cry11Aa toxin for 54 generations results in the development of resistance

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Bacillus megaterium against malarial and dengue vector (Diptera: Culicidae)

Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Bacillus megaterium against malarial and dengue vector (Diptera: Culicidae)

Decreased Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to Mosquito Larvae after Contact with Leaf Litter

Mosquito-Borne Diseases Emergence/Resurgence and How to Effectively Control It Biologically

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