Treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia: a study by cancer and leukemia group B

Abstract

In a randomized study of acute myelocytic leukemia (AMI). 352 patients of all ages were treated for remission induction by one of the four regimens: 7 days of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) by continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion or bolus injection every 1 2 hr. together with daunorubicin (DNR) by rapid i.v. injection on days 1. 2. 3; or 5 days of ara-C by infusion or bolus injection and DNR for 2 days only. The regimen of 7 and 3 infusion was significantly superior to the other 3 regimens. resulting in 56% complete remission (CR). For remission maintenance. ara-C was given for 5 days every month and each month one of the following four drugs added on a cyclic rotational basis: thioguanine. cyclophosphamide. CCNU. or DNR. Although ara-C dosage each month was the same. the route of ara-C

Acute myeloid leukemia in elderly adults

“…This series presents a realistic picture of acute myeloid leukemia in the elderly. The results are superficially worse than those reported in other studies (Foon et al, 1981;Rai et al, 1981;Reiffers et al;Peterson and Bloomfield, 1977). This may well reflect less selection and a higher acceptance of elderly patients referred to this centre.…”

Acute myeloid leukemia in children: Current status and future directions

“…The regimen for induction therapy is based on a "3 plus 7" system, consisting of continuous infusion of cytarabine 100-200 mg/m 2 for 7 days and daunorubicin (DNR) 45-60 mg/m 2 for 3 days, which was established in the 1970s. 14 The ADE regimen (cytarabine 200 mg/m 2 [i.v., q12 h] for 10 days combined with DNR and etoposide), became the standard for children with AML in the UK and USA due to its effectiveness in the MRC AML10 study. 15 In Japan, the ECM regimen has been used in the ANLL91, AML99 and JPLSG AML-05 studies and is established as the standard for pediatric AML.…”

Comparison of allogeneic stem cell transplantation, high‐dose cytarabine, and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation as postremission treatment in patients with de novo acute myelogenous leukemia

“…Longer treatment with ara-C ("3ϩ10") does not induce higher remission rates, but the ''3ϩ7'' and ''3ϩ10'' regimens reportedly are more effective than less intensive regimens. [1][2][3][4] In recent years, three large randomized trials, including idarubicin in the induction regimen, produced significantly higher CR rates and prolonged survival compared with daunorubicin (55-60% and 69 -80%). [5][6][7] A metaanalysis of such studies suggested that idarubicin is associated with high CR rates and prolonged survival.…”