Treatment intensification strategies after initial metformin therapy in adult patients with type-2 diabetes: results of the DPV and DIVE registries

Hartmann, Bettina; Lanzinger, Stefanie; Mark, G.; Wosch, Frank Jürgen; Durmaz, Mesut; Plaumann, Maike; Sziegoleit, Stefan; Seufert, Jochen; Holl, Reinhard W.; Bramlage, Peter; Dpv,; initiatives, Dive registry

doi:10.1007/s00592-019-01409-3

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Hartmann et al showed in a previous analysis that older patients (>70 years) on metformin were more likely to get an intensification with basal insulin than intensification with oral antidiabetics or GLP-1. 39 One of the potential reasons for the increasing insulin use with age may be a simplification of treatment in the context of polypharmacy. 4,5 While this may not be apparent on an ambulatory basis, care dependency will trigger an increasing use of treatment regimens that can be more easily controlled by the nursing staff.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 diabetes in older patients: an analysis of the DPV and DIVE databases

Mark

Sziegoleit²,

Putz

et al. 2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Background: The clinical profile differs between old and young patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We explored, based on a large real-world database, patient and disease characteristics and actual treatment patterns by age. Methods: The analysis was based on the DIVE and DPV registries of patients with T2DM. Patients were analyzed by age groups 50–59 (middle-young), 60–69 (young-old), 70–79 (middle-old), 80–89 (old), and 90 years or more (oldest-old). Results: A total of 396,719 patients were analyzed, of which 17.7% were 50–59 years, 27.7% 60–69 years, 34.3% 70–79 years, 18.3% 80–89 years and 2.0% at least 90 years. We found that (a) T2DM in old and oldest-old patients was characterized much less by the presence of metabolic risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and smoking than in younger patients; (b) the HbA1c was much lower in oldest-old than in middle-young patients (7.2 ± 1.6% versus 8.0 ± 2.2%; p < 0.001), but it was associated with higher proportions of patients with severe hypoglycemia (7.0 versus 1.6%; p < 0.001); (c) this was potentially associated with the higher and increasing rates of insulin use in older patients (from 17.6% to 37.6%, p < 0.001) and the particular comorbidity profile of these patients, for example, chronic kidney disease (CKD); (d) patients with late diabetes onset had lower HbA1c values, lower bodyweight and less cardiovascular risk factors; (e) patients with a longer diabetes duration had a considerable increase in macrovascular and even more microvascular complications. Conclusion: In very old patients there is a need for frequent careful routine assessment and a tailored pharmacotherapy in which patient safety is much more important than blood-glucose-lowering efficacy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 diabetes in older patients: an analysis of the DPV and DIVE databases

Mark

Sziegoleit²,

Putz

et al. 2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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“…Table 2 shows the characteristics of included studies. More than two thirds of eligible studies ( n = 33, 82.5%) were published from 2013 onwards 10,13,14,35,37–39,41,43,44,46,48–67,69,70 . The majority ( n = 36, 90%) were of cohort study design 10,13,14,34–42,44,45,47–53,55–62,64–70 and more than one third ( n = 15; 37.5%) originated from the United States 14,36,40,42,46,47,54,56,57,59,60,64,65,67,68 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies were excluded since they did not present the outcome as OR and did not provide the required data for OR computation. 37,40,46,50,52,58,62 F I G U R E 1 PRISMA flow chart of screening process to identify relevant studies (January 2009-January 2021).…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than two thirds of eligible studies (n = 33, 82.5%) were published from 2013 onwards. 10,13,14,35,[37][38][39]41,43,44,46,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]69,70 The majority (n = 36, 90%) were of cohort study des ign 10,13,14,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]44,45,[47][48][49][50][51]…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta‐analysis of factors associated with antidiabetic drug prescribing for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mahmoud

Mullen

Sainsbury

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background There is a lack of consensus on prescribing alternatives to initial metformin therapy and intensification therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. This review aimed to identify/quantify factors associated with prescribing of specific antidiabetic drug classes for T2DM. Methods Five databases (Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched using the synonyms of each concept (patients with T2DM, antidiabetic drugs and factors influencing prescribing) in both free text and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) forms. Quantitative observational studies evaluating factors associated with antidiabetic prescribing of metformin, sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione, Dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4‐I), sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2‐I), Glucagon‐Like peptide receptor agonist (GLP1‐RA) and insulin in outpatient settings and published from January 2009 to January 2021 were included. Quality assessment was performed using a Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. The validation was done for 20% of identified studies. The pooled estimate was measured using a three‐level random‐effect meta‐analysis model based on odds ratio [95% confidence interval]. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), glycaemic control (HbA1c) and kidney‐related problems were quantified. Results Of 2331 identified studies, 40 met the selection criteria. Of which, 36 and 31 studies included sex and age, respectively, while 20 studies examined baseline BMI, HbA1c and kidney‐related problems. The majority of studies (77.5%, 31/40) were rated as good and despite that the overall heterogeneity for each studied factor was more than 75%, it is mostly related to within‐study variance. Older age was significantly associated with higher sulfonylurea prescription (1.51 [1.29–1.76]), yet lower prescribing of metformin (0.70 [0.60–0.82]), SGLT2‐I (0.57 [0.42–0.79]) and GLP1‐RA (0.52 [0.40–0.69]); while higher baseline BMI showed opposite significant results (sulfonylurea: 0.76 [0.62–0.93], metformin: 1.22 [1.08–1.37], SGLT2‐I: 1.88 [1.33–2.68], and GLP1‐RA: 2.35 [1.54–3.59]). Both higher baseline HbA1c and having kidney‐related problems were significantly associated with lower metformin prescription (0.74 [0.57–0.97], 0.39 [0.25–0.61]), but more insulin prescriptions (2.41 [1.87–3.10], 1.52 [1.10–2.10]). Also, DPP4‐I prescriptions were higher for patients with kidney‐related problems (1.37 [1.06–1.79]) yet lower among patients with higher HbA1c (0.82 [0.68–0.99]). Sex was significantly associated with GLP1‐RA and thiazolidinedione prescribing (F:M; 1.38 [1.19–1.60] and 0.91 [0.84–0.98]). Conclusion Several factors were identified as potential determinants of antidiabetic drug prescribing. The magnitude and significance of each factor differed by antidiabetic class. Patient's age and baseline BMI had the most significant association with the choice of four out of the seven studied antidiabetic drugs followed by the baseline HbA1c and kidney‐related problems which had an impact on three studied antidiabetic drugs, whereas sex had t...

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“…We previously described that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) treatment in elderly patients was characterized by rather low hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, but an increased risk of hypoglycemia. 1 2 Several studies show that elderly patients aged >75 years with T2DM are at increased risk of severe or fatal hypoglycemia and have higher hospitalization rates for hypoglycemic events. 3 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DIVE/DPV registries: benefits and risks of analog insulin use in individuals 75 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mark

Welp

Gloyer³

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionThe aims of this study were to characterize insulin-treated individuals aged ≥75 years with type 2 diabetes using basal insulin analogs (BIA) or regular insulins (human insulin (HI)/neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)) and to compare the benefits and risks.Research design and methodsThe analysis was based on data from the DPV (Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation) and DIVE (DIabetes Versorgungs-Evaluation) registries. To balance for confounders, propensity score matching for age, sex, diabetes duration, body mass index and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as covariates was performed.ResultsAmong 167 300 patients aged ≥75 years with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 80.3 years), 9601 subjects used insulin regimens with basal insulin (HI/NPH or BIA). Of these 8022 propensity score-matched subjects were identified. The mean diabetes duration was ~12 years and half of the patients were male. At the time of switch, patients provided with BIA experienced more dyslipidemia (89.3% vs 85.9%; p=0.002) and took a greater number of medications (4.3 vs 3.7; p<0.001) and depression was more prevalent (8.4% vs 6.5%; p=0.01). Aggregated to the most actual treatment year, BIA was associated with a higher percentage of patients using basal-supported oral therapy (42.6% vs 14.4%) and intensified conventional insulin therapy (44.3% vs 29.4%) and lower total daily insulin doses (0.24 IU/kg/day vs 0.30 IU/kg/day; p<0.001). The study did not reveal significant differences in efficacy (HbA1c 7.4% vs 7.3%; p=0.06), hospitalizations (0.7 vs 0.8 per patient-year (PY); p=0.15), length of stay (16.3 vs 16.1 days per PY; p=0.53), or rates of severe hypoglycemia (4.07 vs 4.40 per 100 PY; p=0.88), hypoglycemia with coma (3.64 vs 3.26 per 100 PY; p=0.88) and diabetic ketoacidosis (0.01 vs 0.03 per 100 PY; p=0.36).ConclusionBIA were used in more individually and patient-centered therapy regimens compared with HI/NPH in patients with a mean age of 80 years. Both groups were slightly overtreated with mean HbA1c <7.5%. The risk of severe hypoglycemia was low and independent of insulin type. Further analyses of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes are needed to provide evidence for best practice approaches in this age group.

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Treatment intensification strategies after initial metformin therapy in adult patients with type-2 diabetes: results of the DPV and DIVE registries

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Type 2 diabetes in older patients: an analysis of the DPV and DIVE databases

Type 2 diabetes in older patients: an analysis of the DPV and DIVE databases

Meta‐analysis of factors associated with antidiabetic drug prescribing for type 2 diabetes mellitus

DIVE/DPV registries: benefits and risks of analog insulin use in individuals 75 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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