Treatment as prevention

Garnett, Geoffrey P.; Becker, Stephen; Bertozzi, Stefano

doi:10.1097/coh.0b013e3283504ab7

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7,8 However, the most biologically effective and financially efficient way to implement and evaluate prevention measures at the population level is unclear. 9,10 Comprehensive knowledge about local epidemics will be required for successful prevention campaigns, including basic data about population demographics, transmission risk groups and viral subtypes, and complex estimates about transmission dynamics, social and sexual mixing networks, and patterns of geographic spread. Importantly, prospective information about success or failure of interventions is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Studies of Transmission Dynamics in Generalized HIV Epidemics

Dennis

Herbeck

Brown

et al. 2014

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Efficient and effective HIV prevention measures for generalized epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa have not yet been validated at the population-level. Design and impact evaluation of such measures requires fine-scale understanding of local HIV transmission dynamics. The novel tools of HIV phylogenetics and molecular epidemiology may elucidate these transmission dynamics. Such methods have been incorporated into studies of concentrated HIV epidemics to identify proximate and determinant traits associated with ongoing transmission. However, applying similar phylogenetic analyses to generalized epidemics, including the design and evaluation of prevention trials, presents additional challenges. Here we review the scope of these methods and present examples of their use in concentrated epidemics in the context of prevention. Next, we describe the current uses for phylogenetics in generalized epidemics, and discuss their promise for elucidating transmission patterns and informing prevention trials. Finally, we review logistic and technical challenges inherent to large-scale molecular epidemiological studies of generalized epidemics, and suggest potential solutions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Studies of Transmission Dynamics in Generalized HIV Epidemics

Dennis

Herbeck

Brown

et al. 2014

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1–3 The early identification of HIV infection and timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy are key components of “test and treat” strategies, 4 which are capable of effecting dramatic reductions in HIV incidence if rigorously implemented. 5, 6 Presently, however, it is estimated that as many as 60% of HIV infected individuals in the United States are not receiving regular HIV care because of deficits in diagnosis, linkage to care, or retention in care.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, 2 Female sex workers are one population at high risk for acquisition and transmission of HIV due to concurrent sexual partnerships and risky sexual practices. 9–15 Street-based female sex workers are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection given their limited power to negotiate sexual encounters, 16 and are simultaneously confronted with numerous barriers that limit utilization of health services, including substance use, homelessness, low socioeconomic resources, social isolation, victimization, and psychological problems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Testing and Engagement in Care among Highly Vulnerable Female Sex Workers: Implications for Treatment as Prevention Models

Surratt¹,

O’Grady²,

Kurtz³

et al. 2014

hpu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Although emerging Treatment as Prevention models can be effective in reducing HIV incidence among high-risk populations, many HIV infected individuals remain undiagnosed or fail to engage in HIV care. Methods This study examined the factors associated with HIV testing and care among a population of substance using female sex workers. Results Recent HIV testing was associated with higher education level, having a regular health care provider or clinic, recent crack use, and higher sexual risk behaviors; HIV treatment utilization was associated with higher levels of social support, having a regular health care provider or clinic, housing stability and insurance coverage. Qualitative data revealed HIV-related stigma, denial, social isolation, and substance use as barriers to HIV testing and treatment; social support and accessibility of services were key enablers. Conclusions Improving HIV testing and linkage to treatment among female sex workers will require structural initiatives to reduce stigma and increase service seeking support.

show abstract

“…IDPs should clearly benefit from inclusion in their national HIV programs. Scaling-up of HIV counseling and testing so all who are eligible are given a chance to initiate ART at the optimal time will save lives and reduce costs by increasing survival and reducing HIV transmission [2],[3],[38]. Appropriate measures must be taken to ensure that key populations (e.g., men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, transgender persons, and sex workers) within refugee, IDP, and host national groups also receive equitable access to treatment and testing.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiretroviral Therapy for Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons: A Call for Equity

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Joshua Mendelsohn and colleagues discuss the moral, legal, and public health principles and recent evidence that strongly suggest that refugees and internally displaced people should have equal access to HIV treatment and support as host nationals and give detailed recommendations for refugees and internally displaced people accessing antiretroviral therapy in stable settings. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary

show abstract

Treatment as prevention

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Phylogenetic Studies of Transmission Dynamics in Generalized HIV Epidemics

Phylogenetic Studies of Transmission Dynamics in Generalized HIV Epidemics

HIV Testing and Engagement in Care among Highly Vulnerable Female Sex Workers: Implications for Treatment as Prevention Models

Antiretroviral Therapy for Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons: A Call for Equity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About