Treatment and Prognosis of COVID-19 Associated Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions

Seo, Min Young; Lee, Seung Hoon

doi:10.3390/jpm11101037

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Currently, no validated treatment for COVID-19-related OD exists. Only olfactory training has been suggested as an effective low-risk treatment ( Whitcroft and Hummel, 2020 ; Seo and Lee, 2021 ). Oral and topical corticosteroids have been used as therapeutic approaches for OD; however, corticosteroids are not recommended for COVID-19-related OD owing to unclear evidence and potential risk of harm ( Whitcroft and Hummel, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kampo Medicine Promotes Early Recovery From Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Retrospective Observational Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom in patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and it significantly deteriorates patients’ quality of life. Effective treatments remain unknown.Purpose: To assess the effect of Japanese traditional (Kampo) medicine on coronavirus disease 2019-related olfactory dysfunction.Study Design: Retrospective observational study.Methods: In total, 87 patients aged ≥18 years with coronavirus disease 2019 and severe dysosmia or anosmia (Numeric Rating Scale, ≥7) at isolation facilities in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, were enrolled from October 2020 to March 2021. Patients were divided into the Kampo group (N = 52) and the control group (N = 35) based on the treatment received. Changes in Numeric Rating Scale scores were evaluated at the first visit and 2 weeks after.Results: The median reduction in the olfactory dysfunction score at both 1 and 2 weeks after the first visit was significantly greater in the Kampo group (6 and 8, respectively; p = 0.03) than in the control group (3 and 7, respectively; p = 0.04). We defined improvement in olfactory dysfunction as a median reduction in the olfactory dysfunction score of ≥5. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that only Kampo treatment was significantly associated with improvement in olfactory dysfunction.Conclusion: This study suggests that Kampo medication promotes early recovery from coronavirus disease 2019-related olfactory dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kampo Medicine Promotes Early Recovery From Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Retrospective Observational Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Olfactory dysfunction impacts patients’ lives and psychology [ 51 , 52 ]. Except for olfactory training which involves 15-min interval sniffing of four different odorants (essential oils) twice a day, until now, no effective treatment for COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction has been found [ 53 , 54 ]. Olfactory training has been used in conjunction with testing the ability for odor discrimination, odor identification, and odor threshold.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Our Chemical Sensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemosensory Ability and Sensitivity in Health and Disease: Epigenetic Regulation and COVID-19

Bhatia‐Dey

Csóka

Heinbockel

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Throughout the animal kingdom, our two chemical senses, olfaction and gustation, are defined by two primary factors: genomic architecture of the organisms and their living environment. During the past three years of the global COVID-19 pandemic, these two sensory modalities have drawn much attention at the basic science and clinical levels because of the strong association of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction with viral infection. Loss of our sense of smell alone, or together with a loss of taste, has emerged as a reliable indicator of COVID-19 infection. Previously, similar dysfunctions have been detected in a large cohort of patients with chronic conditions. The research focus remains on understanding the persistence of olfactory and gustatory disturbances in the post-infection phase, especially in cases with long-term effect of infection (long COVID). Also, both sensory modalities show consistent age-related decline in studies aimed to understand the pathology of neurodegenerative conditions. Some studies using classical model organisms show an impact on neural structure and behavior in offspring as an outcome of parental olfactory experience. The methylation status of specific odorant receptors, activated in parents, is passed on to the offspring. Furthermore, experimental evidence indicates an inverse correlation of gustatory and olfactory abilities with obesity. Such diverse lines of evidence emerging from basic and clinical research studies indicate a complex interplay of genetic factors, evolutionary forces, and epigenetic alterations. Environmental factors that regulate gustation and olfaction could induce epigenetic modulation. However, in turn, such modulation leads to variable effects depending on genetic makeup and physiological status. Therefore, a layered regulatory hierarchy remains active and is passed on to multiple generations. In the present review, we attempt to understand the experimental evidence that indicates variable regulatory mechanisms through multilayered and cross-reacting pathways. Our analytical approach will add to enhancement of prevailing therapeutic interventions and bring to the forefront the significance of chemosensory modalities for the evaluation and maintenance of long-term health.

show abstract

Characterization, treatment modalities, and self-perceived improvement of post-COVID-19 phantosmia: a case series of eleven patients

Alrasheedi¹

2022

RHINOL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Loss of smell and taste is one of the early and sensitive symptoms of COVID-19 that usually improves over time. Post-COVID-19 phantosmia, a smell distorted sensation without the presence of odorants, has deleterious and long-lasting effects on the patient's quality of life. We aimed to present our experience with phantosmia. Case presentations: We report a description of a series of eleven cases (age of 29 ± 9 years, and 54.5% females) of post-COVID-19 phantosmia without any other comorbidity, and the effects of combined treatment modalities (olfactory training, nasal irrigation with budesonide and oral prednisolone) on self-perceived improvement in phantosmia. Conclusions: We postulate that the combined 10 days oral prednisolone, smell training, and nasal irrigation for three months improved post-COVID-19 phantosmia assessed as post vs. pre self-perceived improvement, although this was not aimed at as a treatment since it was not compared to untreated controls.

show abstract

Treatment and Prognosis of COVID-19 Associated Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Kampo Medicine Promotes Early Recovery From Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Retrospective Observational Study

Kampo Medicine Promotes Early Recovery From Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Retrospective Observational Study

Chemosensory Ability and Sensitivity in Health and Disease: Epigenetic Regulation and COVID-19

Characterization, treatment modalities, and self-perceived improvement of post-COVID-19 phantosmia: a case series of eleven patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About