Treatment and prevention of osteoporosis

Blahoś, J

doi:10.1007/s10354-007-0486-7

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Given the increased number of active osteoclasts in the periosteum of osteoporotic rats, the relatively stable osteogenic activity might therefore be inadequate to offset the bone resorption, which would consequently incur the net bone loss and strength decrease. This failed adaptation of bone to the bone resorption could be the result of the estrogen withdrawal in the osteoporotic rats since the estrogen is believed to be able to preserve the bone mass and decrease the bone resorption activity (Blahos 2007; Kameda et al 1997). According to these findings, periosteum seems playing more destructive roles in osteoporosis, and new periosteum-targeting medicines or operations could be developed to suppress the bone resorption and enhance the osteogenic activities in periosteum, especially in metaphyseal area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and cellular features in metaphyseal and diaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats

et al. 2010

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Despite the important physiological role of periosteum in the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis, little is known about the structural and cellular characteristics of periosteum in osteoporosis. To study the structural and cellular differences in both diaphyseal and metaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats, samples from the right femur of osteoporotic and normal female Lewis rats were collected and tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, antibodies or staining kit against tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), von Willebrand (vWF), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The results showed that the osteoporotic rats had much thicker and more cellular cambial layer of metaphyseal periosteum compared with other periosteal areas and normal rats (P < 0.001). The number of TRAP+ osteoclasts in bone resorption pits, VEGF+ cells and the degree of vascularization were found to be greater in the cambial layer of metaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected in the number of ALP+ cells between the two groups. Sympathetic nerve fibers identified by TH staining were predominantly located in the cambial layer of metaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats. No obvious difference in the expression of CGRP between the two groups was found. In conclusion, periosteum may play an important role in the cortical bone resorption in osteoporotic rats and this pathological process may be regulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and cellular features in metaphyseal and diaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats

et al. 2010

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“…There is a large body of scientific evidence derived from randomized controlled trials concerning the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; for a detailed discussion the reader is referred elsewhere [1,48] . To summarize, a number of substances were shown to be effective against both vertebral and nonvertebral fractures: three different aminobisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid), teriparatide, strontium ranelate and hormone replacement therapy (the lattermost is no longer recommended for the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis).…”

Section: Osteoporosis-specific Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoporosis: An Age-Related and Gender-Specific Disease – A Mini-Review

et al. 2008

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Osteoporosis, a classical age-related disease and known to be more common in women than in men, has been reported increasingly often in men during the past few years. Although men at all ages after puberty have larger bones than women, resulting in greater bending strength, mortality after a hip fracture, one of the major complications of osteoporosis, is more common in men than in women. Sex hormone deficiency is associated with unrestrained osteoclast activity and bone loss. Even though estrogen deficiency is more pronounced in women, it appears to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in both genders. In contrast to osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, the treatment of osteoporosis in men has been scarcely reported. Nevertheless, some drugs commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis in women also appear to be effective in men. The aim of this study is to review primary osteoporosis in the elderly with particular emphasis on gender-related aspects.

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“…Subjects with conditions suspected of affecting any biases were excluded from the study. Subjects were also excluded if they had been receiving corticoid, estrogen, androgen, T3 (triiodothyronine)-T4 (thyroxine) therapy or diphenylhydantoin, vitamin D, bisphosphonate, calcitonin, fluoride, thiazide diuretics, or barbiturates for more than 6 months, as all these drugs affect any biases 33,34,35,36,37,38). Since it was impossible to obtain a population-based register for technical and legal reasons, the selection of control subjects meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria was made from volunteers (students, hospital workers, patients' relatives, etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study for Discovering Candidate Genes of Chromosome 18q21 in Methamphetamine Abusers: Case-control Association Study

Lee

Park

Lee

et al. 2014

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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ObjectiveIt was previously suggested that the malic enzyme 2 (ME2) as the candidate gene for psychosis in fine mapping of chromosome 18q21. Chromosome 18q21 is also one of the possible regions that can contribute to addiction.MethodsWe performed a pilot study for discovering candidate gene of chromosome 18q21 in the methamphetamine abusers for elucidating the candidate gene for methamphetamine addiction leading to psychosis. We have selected 30 unrelated controls (16 males, 14 females; age=59.8±10.4) and 37 male methamphetamine abusers (age=43.3±7.8). We analyzed 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 7 neuronal genes in chromosome 18q21 for DNA samples that was checked for the data quality and genotype error. The association between the case-control status and each individual SNP was measured using multiple logistic regression models (adjusting for age and sex as covariates). And we controlled false discovery rate (FDR) to deal with multiple testing problem.ResultsWe found 3 significant SNPs of 2 genes in chromosome 18q21 (p-value<0.05; adjusting for age as covariate) in methamphetamine abusers compared to controls. We also found 2 significant SNPs of 1 gene (p-value<0.05; adjusting for age and sex as covariates) (rs3794899, rs3794901:MAPK4). Two SNPs in MAPK4 gene were significant in both statistical groups.ConclusionMAPK4, the gene for mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, is one of the final 6 candidate genes including ME2 in 18q12-21 in our previous finemapping for psychosis. Our results suggest that MAPK4 can be a candidate gene that contribute to the methamphetamine addiction leading to psychosis.

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Treatment and prevention of osteoporosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Structural and cellular features in metaphyseal and diaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats

Structural and cellular features in metaphyseal and diaphyseal periosteum of osteoporotic rats

Osteoporosis: An Age-Related and Gender-Specific Disease – A Mini-Review

A Pilot Study for Discovering Candidate Genes of Chromosome 18q21 in Methamphetamine Abusers: Case-control Association Study

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