Treatment and control of scabies

Mounsey, Kate E.; McCarthy, James S.

doi:10.1097/qco.0b013e32835e1d57

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Acaricides are available for treatment of scabies but significance resistance to these acaricides has developed and thus treatment failures occur [113–115]. Additionally, these chemicals have known and unknown toxicity effects to humans and animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: past, present and future

2017

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The disease scabies is one of the earliest diseases of humans for which the cause was known. It is caused by the mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, that burrows in the epidermis of the skin of humans and many other mammals. This mite was previously known as Acarus scabiei DeGeer, 1778 before the genus Sarcoptes was established (Latreille 1802) and it became S. scabiei. Research during the last 40 years has tremendously increased insight into the mite’s biology, parasite-host interactions, and the mechanisms it uses to evade the host’s defenses. This review highlights some of the major advancements of our knowledge of the mite’s biology, genome, proteome, and immunomodulating abilities all of which provide a basis for control of the disease. Advances toward the development of a diagnostic blood test to detect a scabies infection and a vaccine to protect susceptible populations from becoming infected, or at least limiting the transmission of the disease, are also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: past, present and future

2017

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“…W fazie obserwacji znajduje się cemitraz (inny syntetyczny pyrethroid). Znane są pojedyncze doniesienia o korzystnym działaniu w świerzbie norweskim albendazolu w dawce 800-1000 mg w połączeniu z leczeniem zewnętrznym [75].…”

Section: Leczenie śWierzbuunclassified

Prace poglądowe Health problems in developing countries: scabies infection as a neglected tropical disease

Kowalska¹,

Kowalik²,

Góźdż³

2014

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Przegląd Dermatologiczny 2014/6 490 prace poglądowe StreSzczenie Zakażenie świerzbowcem w krajach rozwijających się zostało uznane przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia w 2012 roku za zaniedbaną chorobę tropikalną. Liczba zachorowań na świecie utrzymuje się na stałym poziomie -300 milionów rocznie. Dzięki prowadzonym ostatnio badaniom dotyczącym interakcji pasożyta z układem immunologicznym człowieka odkryto kilka mechanizmów wykorzystywanych do pasożytniczego trybu życia. Świerzbowiec syntetyzuje inhibitory układu dopełniacza człowieka oraz produkuje cząsteczki wpływające na profil cytokin, czego wynikiem jest w początkowym etapie infekcji skuteczna inwazja związana z upośledzeniem działania układu immunologicznego gospodarza. Wyrazem tego stanu jest 3-4-tygodniowy okres latencji oraz trudności w usunięciu pasożyta. Dodatkowo upośledzenie działania układu immunologicznego stwarza dogodne warunki do rozwoju groźnych infekcji bakteryjnych. Problemami są nie tylko trudności w opanowaniu epidemii, ale przede wszystkim zapobieganie powikłaniom w narządach wewnętrznych. W wyniku wtórnych zakażeń paciorkowcowych, rzadziej gronkowcowych, może dojść do kłębuszkowego zapalenia nerek, gorączki reumatycznej i reumatycznej choroby serca. W pracy została przedstawiona etiopatogeneza tych powikłań. Próbuje się również wykorzystać wyniki badań dotyczących interakcji pasożyt -układ immunologiczny gospodarza do stworzenia skutecznej szczepionki przeciwko świerzbowcowi w celu ochrony społeczeństw zagrożonych. AbStrActScabies mite infection in the developing countries was globally recognized as a neglected tropical disease by the WHO in 2012. The morbidity worldwide persists at a permanent level of 300 million infections per year. Thanks to recent research conducted on the interaction between the parasite and the human immune system, the mechanisms used for the parasitic lifestyle were discovered. Sarcoptes scabiei synthesizes inhibitors of the human complement system and produces factors affecting the cytokine profile, and this is responsible for the 3-4 week latency period and the difficulty in removing the parasite. In addition, impairment of the immune system creates favorable conditions for the development of serious secondary bacterial infections. The difficulties in epidemic control are not the only problem. There are other ones, most of all Problemy zdrowotne krajów rozwijających się -zakażenie świerzbem jako zaniedbana choroba tropikalna Health problems in developing countries: scabies infection as a neglected tropical disease

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“…The former, such as permethrin cream and phenothrin lotion, are a burden for caregivers because all external preparations must be applied onto the whole skin below the neck. The latter, the anthelmintic agent Stromectol ® tablets (Merck [Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA]; active ingredient, ivermectin [IVM]), may cause systemic adverse reactions, such as hepatic dysfunction . IVM administration to all staff and patients in the hospital for prevention of scabies infection is expensive, because IVM administration for prevention before a definitive diagnosis of scabies is an off‐label use, that is, it is not covered by national health insurance, at least in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin applied topically by whole‐body bathing method in healthy volunteers

Miyajima

Hirota

Tashiro

et al. 2016

The Journal of Dermatology

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As a novel administration method of ivermectin (IVM) for scabies treatment, we proposed a "whole-body bathing method (WBBM)". In this method, the patients would bathe themselves in a bathing fluid containing IVM at an effective concentration. Previously, we demonstrated that WBBM could deliver IVM to the skin but not to the plasma in rats. In the present study, to assess the clinical validity of the method an arm bathing examination (first trial) and a whole-body bathing examination (second trial) were conducted in healthy volunteers. In both the first and second trials, after bathing in fluid containing IVM, the exposure in the stratum corneum was higher compared with that after taking IVM p.o. as reported previously. IVM was not detected in plasma at any sampling point after the whole-body bathing in the second trial. Furthermore no serious adverse events were found. These results in both trials suggest that WBBM can deliver IVM to the human stratum corneum without systemic exposure or serious adverse effects in healthy volunteers, and at concentrations that would be adequate for scabies treatment.

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Treatment and control of scabies

Abstract: When properly administered, chemotherapy for scabies remains effective in most situations. However, with reports of drug resistance increasing and with the need for therapies suitable for use in interventions to control community outbreaks, there is a need to develop new therapies.

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: past, present and future

A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: past, present and future

Prace poglądowe Health problems in developing countries: scabies infection as a neglected tropical disease

Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin applied topically by whole‐body bathing method in healthy volunteers

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