Treatment and Control of Peri-Parturient Metabolic Diseases: Pregnancy Toxemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia

Brozos, Christos; Mavrogianni, V.S.; Fthenakis, George C.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.10.004

Cited by 129 publications

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“…Pregnancy toxaemia is the most important metabolic disease of pregnant ewes, caused by abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, during the final stage of pregnancy (Brozos et al, 2011). The disease is a significant cause of peri-parturient deaths in sheep (Mavrogianni & Brozos, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main ketone body found in blood of pregnant sheep is β-hydroxyburate; its concentration can be used to detect animals at risk to develop HELMINTHOLOGIA, 50, 3: 161 -166, 2013 Potential association between trematode infections and development of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep -1 should be considered to distinguish animals at risk to develop the disorder. Otherwise, if the number of foetuses carried had been determined, then β-hydroxybutyrate concentration should be measured only in the blood of animals carrying multiple foetuses; in this case, the cut-off value to be used for identifying animals at risk is 1.1 mmoL L -1 (Sargison 1995(Sargison , 2007Braun et al, 2010;Brozos et al, 2011). Objective of the work was to study a potential association between trematode infections in pregnant ewes and concentrations β-hydroxybutyrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential association between trematode infections and development of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep

et al. 2013

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Objective of the work was to study a potential association between trematode infections in pregnant ewes and concentrations β-hydroxybutyrate, which is a ketone body found in animals with pregnancy toxaemia. After administration of a long-acting nematocide, 80 pregnant sheep, infected with trematodes, were allocated as follows; primigravidae ewes in group P-A remained untreated and in group P-B were given netobimin; multigravidae ewes in group M-A remained untreated, in group M-B were given netobimin and in group M-C were given rafoxanide. We collected faecal samples for trematode epg counting and blood samples for measurement of β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Mean faecal epg counts of D. dendriticum and F. hepatica decreased significantly after netobimin administration; mean faecal epg counts of F. hepatica, but not of D. dendriticum, decreased significantly after rafoxanide administration. Between P-A and P-B, the difference in mean blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations was significant (P = 0.036) immediately after lambing. Between M-A or M-C and M-B, it was significant (P ≤ 0.002) 28 days after trematocide administration and immediately after lambing; between M-A and M-C, no significant difference was evident. Immediately after lambing, mean blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in primiparous/multiparous ewes with Dicrocoelium faecal output ≤150 epg was 0.21/0.64 mmol L -1 , respectively, and in primiparous/multiparous ewes with Dicrocoelium faecal output >150 epg was 0.40/0.93 mmol L -1 , respectively (P = 0.704/<0.001, respectively). Mean blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in group P-C/M-C ewes with Fasciola faecal output of <16/<30 epg was 0.47/0.68 mmol L -1 , respectively; that in group P-C/M-C ewes with Fasciola faecal output of ≥16/≥30 epg was 0.56/0.85 mmol L -1 , respectively (P = 0.620/0.278, respectively). The results indicate that more trematode-infected adult ewes were found to have increased β-hydroxybutyrate blood concentrations and point out to a potential role of liver trematode .... infections in predisposing adult ewes to pregnancy toxaemia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential association between trematode infections and development of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep

et al. 2013

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“…Pregnancy toxaemia is a metabolic disorder of pregnant small ruminants, caused by an abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, which occurs at the final stage of pregnancy (Brozos et al 2011). The condition is usually seen in females carrying multiple foetuses and may result from their inability to consume enough energy (Mobini et al 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia

Albay¹,

Karakurum²,

Şahinduran³

et al. 2014

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to examine selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia. Seventy five female goats were used and divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 57) (blood serum glucose levels were within the physiological range), Group 2 (n = 11) (serum glucose values were low) and Group 3 (n = 7) (serum glucose values were high). Goats in Groups 2 and 3 were diagnosed with pregnancy toxaemia. Apart from serum glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglycerides, blood pH, calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), potassium (K), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in all animals. In Group 3 average Hp and SAA values were found to be significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in Groups 1 and 2, and also higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. Acute phase proteins in goats with pregnancy toxaemia may be used in the course and the prognosis of the disease. The evaluation of acute phase proteins is useful and also quicker in cases of suspected pregnancy intoxication.

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“…The serious effect of this period increases when the dam is pregnant with 2 or more feti as nutritional requirements rise during the last third of gestation. Pregnancy toxemia is a drastic problem in pregnant small ruminants, caused by an abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, occurred at the final stage of pregnancy "last 4-6 weeks of gestation" (Brozos et al, 2011). Additionally, it is the most common metabolic disease of small ruminants, and considered one of the main destructive diseases which threaten the productivity in sheep and goats (Rook, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-biochemical Examination of Pregnant Toxemic Goats with Special Emphasis on the Enzymatic and Hormonal Pattern

Attia¹,

Alam²

2017

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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| Pregnancy toxemia (PT) is a metabolic stress syndrome, occurring in does during the late stage of gestation; especially those with twins or triplets. This study was aimed to evaluate the biochemical and hormonal alterations associated with clinically pregnant toxemic goats. Forty clinicallyhealthy and toxemicpregnant goats were used. Pregnant goats with early toxemia had anorexia, depression, dullness and scanty feces, with pronounced acetone odor from the mouth, recumbency, and nervous manifestations were noticed in the untreated and progressed cases. Striking metabolic alterations in goats with PT showed a significant decrease in the serum glucose level while beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) showed a significant increase. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed a significant increase. Also, goats with PT showed a significant increase in the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Moreover, the hormonal profile showed a significant increase in the serum cortisol and insulin, while triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and growth hormone were decreased significantly in pregnant toxemic goats. Histopathologically, the liver showed fat globules distending the nuclei of the hepatocyte to the periphery with moderate lipidosis. These results suggest that the main cause of death among goats with PT may be due to the hepato-renal dysfunction. The increase in energy metabolites and hormonal alterations constitutes an important tool for the diagnosis and determination of the magnitude of clinically pregnant toxemic goats.Noura Elshahat abdEl-rhmaN attia 1 , rasha thabEt mEtwaly alam 2*

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Treatment and Control of Peri-Parturient Metabolic Diseases: Pregnancy Toxemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia

Cited by 129 publications

References 33 publications

Potential association between trematode infections and development of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep

Potential association between trematode infections and development of pregnancy toxaemia in sheep

Selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia

Clinico-biochemical Examination of Pregnant Toxemic Goats with Special Emphasis on the Enzymatic and Hormonal Pattern

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