Treating occlusal pit and fissure surfaces by IR laser irradiation

Young, Douglas A.; Fried, Daniel; Featherstone, J.D.B.

doi:10.1117/12.380835

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…There are different studies indicating that the use of an air/water cooling has a negative impact on the caries-preventive effect of erbium laser irradiation [Apel et al, 2003;Hossain et al, 2000;Young et al, 2000].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser wavelengths studied include those of erbium lasers (Er:YAG, Er:YSGG, Er,Cr:YSGG). Numerous in vitro experiments and one in situ study were able to demonstrate the potential of this wavelength for increasing the acid resistance of dental enamel [Apel et al, 2000[Apel et al, , 2002b[Apel et al, , 2004Fried et al, 1997;Young et al, 2000]. Erbium lasers were introduced into dentistry for preparing dental hard substance; the caries-preventive use of this wavelength, however, requires subablative energy densities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Changes in Human Dental Enamel after Subablative Erbium Laser Irradiation and Its Potential Use for Caries Prevention

et al. 2004

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Numerous studies have confirmed the potential of erbium laser irradiation for increasing the acid resistance of dental enamel. The objective of the present paper was to investigate the effect of subablative erbium laser irradiation on the structure and acid resistance of dental enamel by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). To this end, 12 samples of human dental enamel were irradiated with subablative energy densities (Φ) of an Er:YAG (λ = 2.94 µm, Φ = 6 J/cm²) and an Er:YSGG laser (λ = 2.79 µm, Φ = 8 J/cm²). The enamel surfaces of 6 samples were polished prior to irradiation. The remaining 6 samples were left intact (without polishing procedures) and, in the further course of the study, they were subjected to 1-week in situ demineralisation. All irradiated test surfaces were assigned a control surface on the same sample. The changes following laser irradiation and the in situ wearing time were assessed qualitatively using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The irradiation of dental enamel with subablative erbium laser irradiation produces fine cracks in the enamel surface. These cracks act as starting points for acid attack and favour deep demineralisation. These changes reduce or eliminate the positive effect of subablative erbium laser irradiation observed in connection with caries-preventive use. The clinical use of subablative erbium laser irradiation to prevent caries would appear not to make sense under the conditions studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Changes in Human Dental Enamel after Subablative Erbium Laser Irradiation and Its Potential Use for Caries Prevention

et al. 2004

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“…This suggests that cavities prepared with an erbium laser, whereby much higher energy densities are necessary, display a caries-resistant marginal zone. Restorations of cavities of this kind could be less susceptible to secondary caries [Apel et al, 2000;Young et al, 2000]. An in-vitro study in which occlusal fissures were irradiated with an Er:YAG and an Er:YSGG laser at high energy densities (64 and 105 J/cm²) observed a 50 and 72% reduction in the development of caries in comparison with conventional enamel preparation with a drill [Young et al, 2000].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Demineralization of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Prepared Enamel Cavities in vitro

Apel

Schäfer

Gutknecht³

2003

Caries Res

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The aim of the present study was to establish whether cavity preparation by means of an erbium laser with efficient water cooling is capable of reducing the susceptibility of the prepared dental enamel to demineralization and thus of achieving a potential caries-protective effect in the region of cavity margins. To this end, cavities limited to the enamel were prepared in the crowns of 10 teeth each using an Er:YAG (λ = 2,940 nm) and an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (λ = 2,780 nm). A control cavity prepared conventionally with a diamond drill in the same occlusal zone was assigned to each of these cavities. The specimens were then subjected to a pH-cycling caries model. Analysis was performed by quantitatively measuring the demineralization front under a polarized-light microscope. The results of the study showed that enamel cavities prepared with the erbium lasers used display a statistically significant acceleration of demineralization compared to conventionally prepared cavities (p < 0.01). The Er:YAG laser cavities revealed demineralization to a depth of 133.9 (SD 25.7) µm, while the value observed with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser was 133.8 (SD 25.8) µm. The depth of demineralization in the control groups was only 77.4 (SD 13.8) µm and 79.3 (SD 37.6) µm. No difference could be found between the two lasers (p = 0.98). Based on these in vitro tests, it cannot be assumed that use of the erbium laser for cavity preparation offers any advantages in terms of resistance to secondary caries in clinical practice.

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“…Later, several in vitro studies (Morioka, et al, 1991;Fried, et al, 1996;Hossain, et al, 2000;Cecchini, et al, 2005;Castelan, et al, 2007) on smooth dental enamel surfaces reported that Er:YAG irradiation promotes caries prevention as well as morphological enamel changes (Matson, et al, 2002;Cecchini, et al, 2005;Apel et al, 2005;). Furthermore, it was reported that both effects depend on the energy density of the laser, among other parameters, including irradiation time, focal distance, and water cooling (Morioka, et al, 1991;Fried, et al, 1996;Hossain, et al, 2000;Young, et al, 2000;Matson, et al, 2002;Apel, et al;Cecchini, et al, 2005;Liu, et al, 2006;Castelan, et al, 2007).…”

Section: Er:yag Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the modification of organic matter has been reported as one of the mechanisms in laser-induced caries prevention (the organic blocking theory) . In laser therapy, several factors related to exposure need to be considered: the wavelength and energy density of the laser, the irradiation time, the focal distance, and water cooling www.intechopen.com Morioka, et al, 1991;Fried, et al, 1996;Featherstone, et al, 1998;Hossain, et al, 2000;Young, et al, 2000;Hsu, et al, 2000;Tisai, et al, 2002;Kato, et al, 2003;Matson, et al, 2002;Apel, et al, 2002Apel, et al, , 2004Apel, et al, , 2005Rodrigues, et al, 2004;Westerman, et al, 2002;Nammour, et al, 2005Cecchini, et al, 2005Liu, et al, 2006;Fried, et al 2006;Castelan, et al, 2007). Furthermore, to achieve additional prevention, special attention has focused on laser irradiation, topical fluorides and remineralizing solution associations, showing very promising results (Hossain, et al, 2002;Delbem, et al, 2003;Chin-Ying, et al, 2004;Tepper et al, 2004;Rodrigues, et al, 2004;Kwon, et al, 2005;Ana, et al, 2006;Westerman, 2006;Tagliaferro et al, 2007).…”

Section: Laser and Caries Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel Treated with Er:YAG, CO2 Lasers and Remineralizing Solution: EDS Analysis

Contreras‐Bulnes¹,

Olea-Mejía²,

Rodríguez‐Vilchis³

et al. 2012

Oral Health Care - Prosthodontics, Periodontology, Biology, Research and Systemic Conditions

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Treating occlusal pit and fissure surfaces by IR laser irradiation

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Structural Changes in Human Dental Enamel after Subablative Erbium Laser Irradiation and Its Potential Use for Caries Prevention

Structural Changes in Human Dental Enamel after Subablative Erbium Laser Irradiation and Its Potential Use for Caries Prevention

Demineralization of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-Prepared Enamel Cavities in vitro

Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel Treated with Er:YAG, CO2 Lasers and Remineralizing Solution: EDS Analysis

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