Treating Girls Like Boys: The Juvenile Court and the Burden of Gender Neutral Programming

Chernoff, William A.

doi:10.1080/0145935x.2021.1918542

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…A number of different programs administered through the juvenile courts have proven effective at reducing recidivism, which is consistent with this finding (Wilson & Hoge, 2013). Chernoff (2021), for example, observed that boys receiving juvenile diversion programing were not only less likely to recidivate compared to boys receiving conventional court programming, but also less likely to recidivate than boys whose cases were dismissed, who received no programming at all. Bonta and Andrews (2007) also identified substance abuse as a major risk factor whose intervention goals involve reducing the client's substance use and placing emphasis on alternative coping mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism

Chernoff¹,

Olson²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2022

Juvenile Family Court J

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Research on juvenile drug court (JDC) effectiveness has been largely underwhelming, generally showing mixed results. These findings, however, could be blamed on a deeper court problem: the inaccurate matching of services to needs. Data from a large juvenile court (N = 1,198) show that juveniles with substance abuse needs recidivate less when receiving JDC services than conventional ones. Likewise, juveniles without drug/alcohol needs receiving conventional services recidivate less than similar youth receiving JDC services. The present study contends that JDCs are an effective complement to conventional juvenile court intervention and demonstrates the importance of matching in delivering effective court services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism

Chernoff¹,

Olson²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2022

Juvenile Family Court J

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“…Given clear evidence that Black and brown youth are disproportionately represented in the juvenile justice system, we examined racial and ethnic differences in recidivism to understand disproportionately greater contact with the juvenile justice system for racial/ethnic minoritized youth at the point of first court contact. There is also robust evidence that females are underrepresented in research on effective treatment to reduce recidivism risk (see Lipsey, 2009), and evidence suggests gender-neutral rehabilitative programming does not benefit girls as much as boys (see Chernoff, 2021; Vitopoulos et al, 2012); we therefore examine gender differences in recidivism. We also examine the association between consequences of the two most common types of substances used among this population (i.e., alcohol and cannabis) and measure both youth- and caregiver-reported peer deviancy.…”

Section: Recidivism Risk and Criminogenic Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer, substance use, and race-related factors associated with recidivism among first-time justice-involved youth.

Holloway¹,

Folk²,

Ordorica³

et al. 2022

Law and Human Behavior

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Objectives: Peer deviancy and substance-related consequences are dynamic criminogenic needs associated with increased risk of recidivism for justice-involved youth. Most prior research in this area, however, is based on samples of primarily male youth charged with delinquent offenses. Because identification of dynamic criminogenic needs is essential to delinquency risk reduction efforts, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of peer deviancy and substance-related consequences in a sample of youth at first contact with the juvenile justice system, with relatively equal representation of males and females and youth charged with delinquent and status offenses. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that higher levels of peer deviancy and more severe alcohol-and cannabis-related consequences would predict recidivism. We also hypothesized that Black and brown youth would be more likely to recidivate than non-Latinx White participants. Method: First-time justice-involved youth (N = 401) aged 12-18 and their caregivers reported independent variables at baseline (demographic, legal, psychiatric, and peer factors). Official records of recidivism (i.e., number of new charges 2 years later) was the dependent variable for nested multivariate negative binomial regression models. Results: Peer deviancy reported by caregivers, but not by youth, predicted recidivism 2 years later. Consequences related to alcohol, but not cannabis, increased recidivism risk. Finally, participants who were younger, male, charged with a delinquent offense, and Black, multiracial, and/or Latinx were more likely to recidivate than non-Latinx White participants after controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Results highlight the influence of institutionalized racism on later court involvement for youth of color at first court contact, regardless of individual risk. Deviant peers and consequences of alcohol are salient intervention targets for this population. Public Significance StatementThis study highlights the need to identify substance use and peer deviancy among youth at their first contact with the court system. For clinicians, these findings may inform risk assessment and case planning for justice-involved youth historically underrepresented in research (i.e., females, youth charged with a status offense, youth at first court contact). Finally, institutional racism influences continued court contact above and beyond individual behavioral determinants, making it imperative to develop and test multilevel recidivism prevention interventions that explicitly address structural racism within the legal system.

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Interventions for Trauma-Affected Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: An Overview of Diagnostic, Ethical, and Clinical Challenges and Evidence-Based Treatments

Kerig,

Ford,

Alexander

et al. 2024

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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Treating Girls Like Boys: The Juvenile Court and the Burden of Gender Neutral Programming

Cited by 3 publications

References 139 publications

Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism

Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism

Peer, substance use, and race-related factors associated with recidivism among first-time justice-involved youth.

Interventions for Trauma-Affected Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: An Overview of Diagnostic, Ethical, and Clinical Challenges and Evidence-Based Treatments

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