Treating Biliary Tract Cancers: New Targets and Therapies

Ho, Joseph; Fiocco, Constance; Spencer, Kristen

doi:10.1007/s40265-022-01808-x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 116 publications

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“…In recent years, based on the emergence of a new generation of sequencing technology, the therapeutic strategies of GBC are constantly updated, and the use of GBC molecular profiling promotes the development and subsequent clinical application of novel targeted and immunotherapeutic drugs (Javle et al, 2014;Nakamura et al, 2015). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), fibroblast growth factor (FGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and PD-1/PD-L1 have all been used successfully as therapeutic targets in clinical trials among the numerous genomic alterations identified in GBC (Ho et al, 2022), and this has resulted in an evolving paradigm for the treatment of gallbladder cancer. In the following sections of this review, the latest treatment trends of GBC will be systematically demonstrated from five aspects, i.e., the surgical treatment of GBC, neoadjuvant therapy, postoperative adjuvant therapy, treatment of unresectable advanced GBC, and targeted therapy and immunotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallbladder cancer: current and future treatment options

et al. 2023

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Surgery remains the preferred treatment option for early-stage gallbladder cancer (GBC). According to the anatomical position of the primary tumor, accurate preoperative stage and strict control of surgical indications, appropriate surgical strategies are selected to achieve the optimal surgical effect. However, most patients have already been at the locally advanced stage or the tumor has metastasized at the initial diagnosis. The postoperative recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate remain unsatisfactory even after radical resection for gallbladder cancer. Hence, there is an urgent need for more treatment options, such as neoadjuvant therapy, postoperative adjuvant therapy and first-line and second-line treatments of local progression and metastasis, in the whole-course treatment management of gallbladder cancer patients. In recent years, the application of molecular targeted drugs and immunotherapy has brought greater hope and broader prospects for the treatment of gallbladder cancer, but their effects in improving the prognosis of patients still lack sufficient evidence-based medicine evidence, so many problems should be addressed by further research. Based on the latest progress in gallbladder cancer research, this review systematically analyzes the treatment trends of gallbladder cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallbladder cancer: current and future treatment options

et al. 2023

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Emerging trends in gastrointestinal cancers: Targeting developmental pathways in carcinogenesis and tumor progression

Ahmad,

Tiwari,

Siddiqui

et al. 2024

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology

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An Active Trend of Immunotherapy Combination Regimen as Second-Line Therapy Towards Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer

Weng,

Zeng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Clin Med Insights Oncol

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Background: As a second-line therapy, oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX) remains the standard of care for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC); however, its efficacy is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether, compared with chemotherapy alone, the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination regimen improved the overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced BTC. Methods: Patients diagnosed with advanced BTC who received chemotherapy or ICI combination therapy as second-line (L2) treatment between January 1, 2018, and April 1, 2022, were retrospectively identified. Results: A total of 98 patients with BTCs were reviewed and recruited: the chemotherapy group (cohort A, n = 40), the chemotherapy plus ICIs group (cohort B, n = 27), and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) plus ICIs group (cohort C, n = 31). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median OS were 2.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-4.2) and 7.8 months (95% CI: 5.9-12.0) for cohort A, 4.3 months (95% CI: 2.9-8.4) and 10.9 months (95% CI: 7.67-NA) for cohort B, 5.1 months (95% CI: 4.0-8.3) and 10.1 months (95% CI: 8.23-NA) for cohort C, respectively. The confirmed overall response rates were 7.5% (3/40, cohort A), 22.2% (6/27, cohort B), and 19.4% (6/31, cohort C), whereas the disease control rates were 47.5% (19/40, cohort A), 77.8% (21/27, cohort B), and 77.4% (24/31, cohort C). Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse reaction were reported in 20.0% (cohort A), 37.0% (cohort B), and 41.9% (cohort C) of the patients. Conclusions: The ICI combination strategy beyond first-line (L1) systemic chemotherapy plays a positive role in advanced BTCs. Both TKIs plus ICIs and chemotherapy plus ICIs could be considered candidates for trials and applied as competitive L2 treatment regimens for advanced BTCs in clinical practice.

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Treating Biliary Tract Cancers: New Targets and Therapies

Cited by 4 publications

References 116 publications

Gallbladder cancer: current and future treatment options

Gallbladder cancer: current and future treatment options

Emerging trends in gastrointestinal cancers: Targeting developmental pathways in carcinogenesis and tumor progression

An Active Trend of Immunotherapy Combination Regimen as Second-Line Therapy Towards Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer

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