Treadmill exercise improves short-term memory by suppressing ischemia-induced apoptosis of neuronal cells in gerbils

Sim, Young-Je; Kim, Sung‐Soo; Kim, Jee-Youn; Shin, Mal‐Soon; Kim, Chang‐Ju

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.09.060

Cited by 78 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The results of the study are compatible with those that have been reported in humans and for rats using the special task test (Benloucif et al 2004;Blanco-Centurion and Shiromani 2006;Colcombe and Kramer 2003;Dustman et al 1984;Hillman et al 2002;Kramer et al 1999Kramer et al , 2005McMurdo and Burnett 1992;Molloy et al 1988;Okumiya et al 1996;Perrig-Chiello et al 1998;Rogers et al 1990;Sim et al 2004;Stones and Dawe 1993;van Praag et al 2005;Williams and Lord 1997). We have demonstrated that aging in rats may lower theta power EEG spectra during waking and produce a lower response to running stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Studies have suggested that exercise may affect various aspects of the body's physiological functioning (Cotman and Berchtold 2002;Ide and Secher 2000;Kramer et al 2005). Regular physical activity and good physical fitness are widely accepted as factors that improve various health outcomes (Davy et al 1998;Ekelund et al 1988;Goldsmith et al 1992;Myers et al 2002;Thompson et al 2003) and promote memory and cognitive functioning (Colcombe and Kramer 2003;Hillman et al 2002;Kramer et al 1999Kramer et al , 2005Sim et al 2004). Having overcome technical difficulties, our previous study successively described simultaneous changes in cere- Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercise, regular physical activity, and good physical fitness are widely accepted as factors that improve a number of health outcomes (Cotman and Berchtold 2002;Ide and Secher 2000;Kramer et al 2005;Li et al 2008;Myers et al 2002;Thompson et al 2003) and promote memory and other cognitive functions (Colcombe and Kramer 2003;Hillman et al 2002;Kramer et al 1999Kramer et al , 2005Li et al 2008;Sim et al 2004). Furthermore, the beneficial effects of exercise intervention on memory and other aspects of cognition have been documented for elderly persons (Benloucif et al 2004;Dustman et al 1984;Laurin et al 2001;McMurdo and Burnett 1992;Molloy et al 1988;Okumiya et al 1996;Perrig-Chiello et al 1998;Rogers et al 1990; Stones and Dawe 1993;Williams and Lord 1997) and for rats (Blanco-Centurion and Shiromani 2006;van Praag et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat

Kuo

Hsieh

et al. 2010

AGE

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The effects of aging on the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra of 8-and 60-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats were examined during the waking baseline and treadmill exercise. Using continuous and simultaneous recordings of EEG and electromyogram signals, this study demonstrated that the alpha (10-13 Hz), theta (6-10 Hz), and delta (0.5-4 Hz) powers of the EEG were significantly lower in older rats as compared with young rats during the waking baseline. In the young rats, treadmill exercise resulted promptly in a higher alpha power, higher theta power, and higher theta power percentage as compared with the waking baseline. In the aged rats, treadmill exercise only resulted in a higher theta power and higher theta power percentage. During the treadmill exercise, however, the aged rats still showed a significantly lower exercise-evoked theta power change than the young rats. These results suggested that aging is accompanied by lower EEG activities during waking and this also is accompanied by an attenuated response of the brain to exercise in the rat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat

Kuo

Hsieh

et al. 2010

AGE

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“…Similar results were also found in other studies. In brain ischemia, enhanced cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was observed (8) and this enhanced cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus has been suggested as the compensatory response to excessive apoptotic cell death (8,24). The role of inflammation for adult neurogenesis, however, is much more complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treadmill and wheel exercise alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced short-term memory impairment by enhancing neuronal maturation in rats

Kim

Park

et al. 2012

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria, which induces brain inflammation. LPS-induced brain inflammation deteriorates hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of forced treadmill exercise and voluntary wheel exercise on short-term memory in relation to neuronal maturation in LPS-induced brain inflammation of rats. Brain inflammation in rats was induced by an injection of LPS into the cerebral ventricle. Short-term memory was evaluated using a step-down avoidance task. Cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was determined by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a marker of new cells, immunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis for the determination of doublecortin (DCX), a marker of immature neurons and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), a marker of mature neurons, was performed. In the present study, LPS-induced brain inflammation impaired short-term memory by increasing DCX expression and suppressing NeuN expression. These results suggest that LPS-induced brain inflammation disturbs neuronal maturation. The number of BrdU-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was increased by LPS injection. This increase in the number of BrdU-positive cells can be ascribed to the increase in the number of of immature neurons following LPS injection. On the other hand, forced treadmill exercise and voluntary wheel exercise improved brain inflammation-induced short-term memory impairment by suppressing DCX expression and increasing NeuN expression, enhancing neuronal maturation. Forced treadmill exercise and voluntary wheel exercise showed similar efficacy. From these results, it can be inferred that forced treadmill exercise and voluntary wheel exercise may improve memory function deteriorated by brain inflammation.

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“…It may be argued that exposure to forced exercise is a stressful event, however, as previously noted (see Greenwood et al 2013), stress per definition does not have to hinder the positive effects of exercise and may, under certain circumstances, even promote posttraumatic cognitive recovery (Gram et al 2015, Malá et al 2008. Several studies report a positive impact of post-injury exercise on spatial acquisition paradigms (Cechetti et al 2012, Griesbach et al 2004b, Kim et al 2010, Piao et al 2013, Shen et al 2013, Shih et al 2013, Sim et al 2004. There are also studies reporting detrimental or no effects of exercise on spatial acquisition measures (Clark et al 2008, Griesbach et al 2004a, Hicks et al 1998, Luo et al 2007, Piao et al 2013, Song et al 2012.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of different delayed exercise regimens on cognitive performance in fimbria-fornix transected rats

Wogensen¹,

Marschner²,

Gram³

et al. 2017

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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Studies have shown that exercise can positively influence cognitive performance after brain injury. This study investigated the effects of different exercise regimens on allocentric place learning after fimbria-fornix (FF) transection. One hundred and sixteen pre-shaped rats were subjected either to a mechanical transection of the FF or control sham surgery and divided into following groups: i) no exercise (NE), ii) voluntary exercise in a running wheel (RW), iii) forced swimming exercise administered as interval training of short (3x5 min) duration (FS-SI), iv) forced swimming exercise administered as interval training of long (3x15 min) duration (FS-LI), v) forced swimming exercise administered as one session of short (5 min) duration (FS-SS), and vi) forced swimming exercise administered as one session of long (15 min) duration (FS-LS). The exercise was initiated 21 days post-surgery. Subsequently, all animals were administered 28 acquisition sessions in an 8-arm radial maze. Both sham operated and lesioned animals showed a significant learning response, however, the lesion induced a marked and lasting impairment, which was not alleviated neither by voluntary nor forced (spaced or one-session only) exercise regimens. Exercise regimens had no effect on the place learning of control sham animals. We conclude that the lesion location as well as factors related to the exercise-and cognitive testing protocols can profoundly influence the potential of exercise as a general recovery-promoting method.

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Treadmill exercise improves short-term memory by suppressing ischemia-induced apoptosis of neuronal cells in gerbils

Cited by 78 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat

Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat

Treadmill and wheel exercise alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced short-term memory impairment by enhancing neuronal maturation in rats

Effects of different delayed exercise regimens on cognitive performance in fimbria-fornix transected rats

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