Treadmill exercise improves depression-like symptoms by enhancing serotonergic function through upregulation of 5-HT1A expression in the olfactory bulbectomized rats

Shin, Mal‐Soon; Park, Sang Seo; Lee, Jae-Min; Kim, Tae-Woon; Kim, Young-Pyo

doi:10.12965/jer.1734918.459

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…It was found that 5-HT expression in the dorsal raphe was enhanced by upregulation of the 5-HT1A receptors, which improved stress-related depression (Kim et al 2015). The antidepressant effect of exercise was found to be achieved via enhanced serotonin function due to upregulation of the 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe (Shin et al 2017). In the present study, the expression of 5-HT1A receptors in dorsal raphe was significantly decreased by surgical castration and chemical castration via bicalutamide and goserelin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Long-term chemical castration induces depressive symptoms by suppressing serotonin expression in rats

Han

Shin

Lee

et al. 2018

Animal Cells and Systems

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(2018) Longterm chemical castration induces depressive symptoms by suppressing serotonin expression in rats, Animal Cells and Systems, 22:1, 29-36, DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2018.1427626 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10. 1080/19768354.2018 Androgen deprivation therapy, also known as chemical castration, has been used as an adjunct to psychotherapy for sex offenders. Goserelin and bicalutamide are drugs used for chemical castration. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a key neurotransmitter involved in mood changes, such as depression. We investigated the effects of surgical and chemical castration on depressive symptoms in rats. Surgical castration was performed through a bilateral orchiectomy. Bicalutamide was administrated orally once a day for 84 consecutive days. Goserelin acetate was implanted subcutaneously into the anterior abdominal wall, and this implantation was repeated 3 times at 28-day intervals. Testosterone levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sexual behaviors were analyzed by measuring mount latency, mount frequency, intromission latency, and intromission frequency. The forced swimming test was performed to evaluate rats' depression status. To detect 5-HT and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH)-positive cells in the dorsal raphe, immunohistochemistry for 5-HT and TPH and western blotting for 5-HT1A receptors and TPH were performed. Surgical castration and goserelin decreased testosterone levels and suppressed sexual behaviors. However, bicalutamide did not inhibit sexual behaviors, although it reduced testosterone levels to a limited extent. Both surgical and chemical castration induced depression in rats. The expression of 5-HT, TPH, and 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe was significantly decreased by both surgical castration and chemical castration via bicalutamide and goserelin. The present results showed that surgical and chemical castration for 12 weeks induced a depressive state in rats by inhibiting serotonergic function through 5-HT1A receptors.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Long-term chemical castration induces depressive symptoms by suppressing serotonin expression in rats

Han

Shin

Lee

et al. 2018

Animal Cells and Systems

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“…They were then randomly assigned to two groups ( n = 10 for each group): sedentary and exercise. The exercise protocol for moderate physical activity was performed as described by prior studies (Ji et al, 2017; Shin et al, 2017). Briefly, animals were put on the treadmill at a speed of 2 m/min for the first 5 min, flow up a speed of 5 m/min for the next 5 min, and a speed of 8 m/min for the last 20 min, with the 0° inclination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Depression-Like Behavior in the Rats With Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure: The Role of Hippocampal Mitochondria

Huang

Gong

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Prenatal exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) can increase the risk of affective disorders, such as depression, in adulthood. Given that exercise training can ameliorate depression and improve mitochondrial function, we sought to investigate whether exercise can ameliorate depression-like behavior induced by prenatal sGC exposure and mitochondria function contributes to that behavior. At first, we confirmed that prenatal dexamethasone (Dex) administration in late pregnancy resulted in depression-like behavior and elevated level of circulatory corticosterone in adult offspring. We then found that mRNA and protein expression of a number of mitochondrial genes was changed in the hippocampus of Dex offspring. Mitochondria in the hippocampus showed abnormal morphology, oxidative stress and dysfunction in Dex offspring. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of the mitochondrial superoxide scavenger mitoTEMPO significantly alleviated depression-like behavior but did not significantly affect circulatory corticosterone level in Dex offspring. The adult Dex offspring treated with treadmill exercise starting at four-weeks of age showed ameliorated depressive-like behavior, improved mitochondrial morphology and function and reduced circulatory corticosterone level. Our data suggest mitochondria dysfunction contributes to depression-like behavior caused by prenatal sGC exposure. Intervention with exercise training in early life can reverse depression caused by prenatal Dex exposure, which is associated with improvement of mitochondrial function in the hippocampus.

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“…In order to evaluate depression severity, we performed a modified FST, according to the previously described method 71 . FST was performed under the same conditions for 5 minutes on day 18 (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture modulates stress response by the mTOR signaling pathway in a rat post-traumatic stress disorder model

Kim

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disease that can form following exposure to a traumatic event. Acupuncture has been proposed as a beneficial treatment for PTSD, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study investigated whether acupuncture improves depression- and anxiety-like behaviors induced using a single prolonged stress (SPS) as a PTSD rat model. In addition, we investigated whether the effects were mediated by increased mTOR activity and its downstream signaling components, which contribute to protein synthesis required for synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. We found that acupuncture at HT8 significantly alleviated both depression- and anxiety-like behaviors induced by SPS in rats, as assessed by the forced swimming, elevated plus maze, and open field tests; this alleviation was blocked by rapamycin. The effects of acupuncture were equivalent to those exerted by fluoxetine. Acupuncture regulated protein translation in the mTOR signaling pathway and enhanced the activation of synaptic proteins, PSD95, Syn1, and GluR1 in the hippocampus. These results suggest that acupuncture exerts antidepressant and anxiolytic effects on PTSD-related symptoms by increasing protein synthesis required for synaptic plasticity via the mTOR pathway in the hippocampus. Acupuncture may be a promising treatment for patients with PTSD and play a role as an alternative PTSD treatment.

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Treadmill exercise improves depression-like symptoms by enhancing serotonergic function through upregulation of 5-HT1A expression in the olfactory bulbectomized rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Long-term chemical castration induces depressive symptoms by suppressing serotonin expression in rats

Long-term chemical castration induces depressive symptoms by suppressing serotonin expression in rats

Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Depression-Like Behavior in the Rats With Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure: The Role of Hippocampal Mitochondria

Acupuncture modulates stress response by the mTOR signaling pathway in a rat post-traumatic stress disorder model

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