Tread carefully when considering vulvar melanoma in a child or adolescent

Morrel, Beth; Pasmans, Suzanne G.M.A.; Mooyaart, Antien L.; Avoort, Irene A.M. van der

doi:10.1002/ski2.233

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“… 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 Also, it should be noted that there are no case reports of vulval melanomas in juveniles without LS. 42 , 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 , 12 , 49 , 56 For this reason, we need to be careful when considering vulval melanoma in a background of LS, especially in children and adolescents. 42 , 49 Melanocytic hyperplasia has been documented in LS, but it is generally rare and difficult to interpret. Benign melanocytic naevi can be encountered in genital LS that sometimes histologically resemble melanoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Also, it should be noted that there are no case reports of vulval melanomas in juveniles without LS. 42,43 A study in 2018 based on data extracted from the Finnish Cancer Registry found 249 patients with biopsy-confirmed vulval LS, of whom three also had vulval melanomas. 14 From the same registry, 30 cases of SCC were found among patients with vulval LS.…”

Section: What Does This Study Add?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary vulval melanoma and genital lichen sclerosus

Mastoraki,

Kravvas,

Dear

et al. 2024

Skin Health and Disease

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BackgroundLichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with a predilection for the genitalia. Although, the association between squamous cell cancer and genital LS is well established, a link with genital melanoma has not been thoroughly explored. However, we have recently published a case series of penile melanoma where 9/11 (82%) of patients seen over a 10 year period with penile melanoma were retrospectively found to have histological and/or clinical evidence of genital LS on review.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to illuminate further the relationship between vulval melanoma and genital LS by reviewing all the cases managed by our hospital and undertaking a literature review.MethodsWe identified all the cases with a diagnosis of vulval melanoma over a 16‐year period (2006–2022) where histology was available. The clinical notes were retrospectively reviewed, and the histological features of all cases were reassessed by two independent mutually ‘blinded’ histopathologists. We also performed a literature review of genital LS in patients with vulval melanoma.ResultsA total of 11 patients with vulval melanoma were identified for the review. Histopathological review found evidence of genital LS in seven of them (64%). Genital LS was not documented in any of the original histology reports. Clinical notes and letters were available in nine cases. The literature review identified 12 relevant studies with a total of 18 patients. Twelve cases concerned adult women, and six concerned female children.ConclusionThe presence of genital LS in as high as 64% of our vulval melanoma cases might indicate a causative relationship between genital LS and vulval melanoma. The pathogenesis of vulval melanoma remains largely unknown. Although ultraviolet radiation is an important pathogenic factor for cutaneous melanoma, it cannot be a factor in vulval melanoma. While possible mechanisms behind this association remain unclear, it is possible that chronic inflammation from genital LS leads to melanocytic distress and increased mutagenesis.

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“… 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 Also, it should be noted that there are no case reports of vulval melanomas in juveniles without LS. 42 , 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%