Trayectoria delictiva y factores de riesgo de los menores que ejercen violencia filioparental

Abstract

ResumenEn los últimos años, en los medios de comunicación han aumentado alarmantemente los casos de lo que parece un nuevo y preocupante fenómeno de violencia doméstica: la violencia filio-parental. De esta forma, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la trayectoria delictiva y los factores de riesgo de los/as menores que han cometido violencia filio-parental en función del sexo. Los participantes de este estudio son 57 menores del Juzgado de Castellón (34 chicos y 23 chicas), cuyo rango de edad oscila entre 14 y 17 años, configurando una media de 15,81. El 82,5% de los/as jóvenes de la muestra han nacido en España, mientras que el 10,5% proceden de países del este de Europa, el 5,3% de países del sur de América y el 1,8% de países árabes. El perfil encontrado en este estudio para este tipo de delito sería el de un varón de 16 años de edad, nacido en España, que cuenta con una agresión filio-parental, que también ha cometido otro tipo de delitos y presenta riesgo en las áreas de Pautas educativas y Educación formal/empleo. En relación al perfil femenino, sería el de una chica de 15 años de edad, nacida en España, que cuenta con un expediente de violencia filio-parental, que no ha cometido otro tipo de delitos y con riesgo en el área de ocio y tiempo libre. Palabras clave:Violencia filio-parental, trayectoria delictiva, factores riesgo, menores infractores, YLS/CMI, IGI-J.

Child-to-Parent Violence: Attitude towards Authority, Social Reputation and School Climate

“…However, less attention has been paid to the school variables. In fact, in the meta-analyses regarding this topic made by Aroca, Lorenzo and Miró [10], Holt [1] and Martínez, Estévez, Jiménez and Velilla [11], it is observed that the school environment, together with the community, is the one that has received less attention despite being a context of great importance for the development of young people, where behavioral and academic difficulties can appear, but also resources for intervention [12,13].…”

Criminological profile of minors who have committed child-to-parent violence

“…The total score provides a recidivism risk level for him/ her, which can be classified as low (from 0 to 8 points), moderate (from 9 to 22), high (from 23 to 32) and very high (from 33 to 42). The YLS/CMI has shown satisfactory psychometric properties in previous studies, obtaining a Cronbach's alpha ranging from .56 to .91 (Catchpole & Gretton, 2003;Cuervo et al, 2017;Rodgers & Rowe, 2002;Schmidt et al, 2002;Thompson & Putnins, 2003) for all the items. In this study, the Cronbach's alpha was .87.…”

“…These differences are larger in general samples of juvenile offenders, in which the percentage is around 80% and 90% for males, and around 10% and 20% for females (INE, 2020;Ortega-Campos et al, 2016;Van der Put & de Ruiter, 2016;Verbruggen et al, 2016). For age, research on CPV in Spain shows a majority of juveniles between 15 and 16 years old who commit CPV (Cuervo et al, 2017;Garc ıa & Cerezo, 2017;Loinaz et al, 2020), while international studies place the age range for these minors at between 16 and 17 years old (Armstrong et al, 2018;Ulman & Straus, 2003), and the same applies to general samples of juvenile offenders (INE, 2020;Ortega-Campos et al, 2016;Van der Put & de Ruiter, 2016;Verbruggen et al, 2016). In fact, antisocial behavior usually starts by the age of 13 years, increases until 17 years and finally decreases (Loeber et al, 2011;Moffitt, 1993Moffitt, , 2007Olver et al, 2012;Verbruggen et al, 2016).…”

“…It classifies juveniles into four risk levels: low, moderate, high and very high. The YLS/CMI (Hoge & Andrews, 2006) has been used in some studies of CPV, obtaining the following results: 12.5% of minors showed a low risk of recidivism, 53.13% showed a moderate risk, and 34.37% showed a high risk (Cuervo et al, 2017). Meanwhile the following results were obtained for general samples of juvenile offenders: between 9.2% and 16.65% showed a low risk of recidivism, between 53.25% and 66.6% showed a moderate risk, between 21.6% and 37.6% showed a high risk, and between 0% and 2.3% showed a very high risk (Garrido, 2009;Graña et al, 2006;Pintado, 2012).…”

“…According to Capdevila et al (2005), it is important to determine the recidivism rate among juvenile offenders, since it is not only a statistical number, but a way to anticipate future behaviors of minors and adolescents. The recidivism rate for juveniles who had committed CPV could be placed at around 35% (Cuervo et al, 2017;Maroto & Cort es, 2018;Moulds et al, 2019). While focusing on general samples of youth offenders, the majority of studies show a juvenile recidivism rate of around 23%, with 45% of that figure accounted for by crimes against people, 25% by crimes against property and the remaining 30% involving 'other crimes' (Capdevila et al, 2005;Cuervo & Villanueva, 2015;Cuervo et al, 2020;Ortega-Campos et al, 2014).…”