Travelling‐wave modelling of the modulation dynamic performance of wavelength‐tunable laser diodes using the integrated VPI and PICS3D software

Duzgol, Onur; Kyritsis, Georgios; Zakhleniuk, N. A.

doi:10.1049/iet-opt.2016.0067

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The obtained set of the cavity modes is maintained during tuning, thus there is no missing mode problem. We have calibrated the VPI and PICS3D models of the TLD using the recently developed integrated model [42], so both models show similar tuning and power performance of the TLD. The integrated model exports the PICS3D-calculated gain spectra into VPI by using a special interface facility available in the recent version of VPI [41].…”

Section: Model and Simulation Results For Mqw Tldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mechanism allows the optimisation of the dynamic performance of directly modulated TLD under wavelength tuning. Some preliminary results were recently obtained by us in [42], where the effect of wavelength tuning on the small-signal response was investigated, and in [54] where the enhanced smalland large-signal modulation dynamic response and spectral characteristics improvement (frequency chirping suppression) of optically-injected TLDs have been demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Widely Tunable Multi-Quantum-Well and Bulk Laser Diodes and the Main Limiting Factors

Kyritsis

Zakhleniuk

2017

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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The output power and tuning performance of multi-quantum-well (MQW) and bulk InGaAsP/InP-distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) tunable laser diodes (TLDs) are investigated over a wide wavelength tuning range using physics-based PICS3D and VPI laser simulation tools within the travelling-wave formalism. The key result of our simulations is the discovery of a new effect in TLDs due to intervalence band absorption (IVBA) in passive phase and DBR sections, which limits the wavelength tuning range. The physical mechanism responsible for such a behavior is a collapse of the spectral-mode selectivity by the DBR due to large IVBA losses in the phase or/and DBR sections. We fundamentally demonstrate different roles played by the IVBA in the active and passive sections of a TLD. It is shown that the IVBA in passive sections and the carrier relaxation broadening (CRB) of the Lorentzian lineshape function in the lasers' active and passive sections play a crucial role in TLD tuning operation. The IVBA coefficient k IVBA and the intraband relaxation time τ in are the major limiting factors that define the output power variation and the achievable tuning range of the lasers. Both bulk and MQW lasers with small k IVBA demonstrate a wide wavelength tuning range above 30 nm, while for large k IVBA , the tuning range drops below 10 nm. We show that the output power variation with tuning due to the CRB parameter τ in is qualitatively different in bulk and MQW TLDs. The TLD tuning and power performance is also strongly affected by the shapes of the net gain and the cavity mirror loss spectra and their mutual positioning with respect to the lasing cavity mode during the tuning. The limiting parameters k IVBA and τ in as well as gain and mirror loss spectra must be thoroughly evaluated in each TLD structure prior to the device design and optimization in order to achieve the best performance in terms of the wavelength tuning and the output power stability.

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Section: Model and Simulation Results For Mqw Tldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Widely Tunable Multi-Quantum-Well and Bulk Laser Diodes and the Main Limiting Factors

Kyritsis

Zakhleniuk

2017

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…Contrary to this, in the case of TLDs, it was demonstrated in [26] that details of gain spectra play a very important role for adequate description of both the output power and the wavelength tuning performance of the lasers. For this reason, we will use here the integrated VPI+PICS3D model that has recently been developed in [27] which uses the advanced physics‐based calculation of the gain spectra from PICS3D [28]. In the recently upgraded version of VPI [25], a new functionality has been added which allows to upload data files containing a set of gain spectra obtained either from experiment or from ab initio calculations for a range of carrier densities.…”

Section: Theory and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parameters of the TLD are the same as in [27]. The three‐section TLD, consisting of the active section, passive phase section and passive distributed bragg reflector (DBR) section, is modelled with the TLLM version of the travelling wave approach.…”

Section: Setup Of Optically Injected Tld In Vpimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gain spectrum of the laser in VPI can be designed either by defining gain parameters and creating respective gain spectra with the built‐in flat or parabolic shapes, or by importing a gain spectra data. Here we use an integrated model that we have developed in [27] which has a realistic gain spectrum calculated in PICS3D and imported into VPI. The DBR tuning is achieved by injecting free carrier density N into the DBR section which modifies its refractive index

normalΔ n = - β N

[31].…”

Section: Setup Of Optically Injected Tld In Vpimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation dynamic response of optical‐injection‐locked wavelength‐tunable semiconductor laser diodes

Duzgol

Kyritsis

Zakhleniuk

2017

IET Optoelectronics

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Optical injection locking and optical-fiber data transmission by directly modulated wavelength tunable laser transmitters

Zakhleniuk,

Duzgol

2024

AIP Advances

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Enhancement of the small- and large-signal modulation performance of wavelength tunable laser diode (TLD) transmitters under strong optical injection locking (OIL) is investigated numerically in back-to-back and optical-fiber transmission schemes. Our model is based on the spatiotemporal description of laser dynamics as due to the composite cavity design of TLDs, the usual rate equation formalism is not directly applicable. We demonstrate that TLD transmission strongly depends on wavelength tuning, which was investigated over a 21-nm range between 1529 and 1550 nm emission wavelengths. The best performance for both free-running (FR) and OIL TLDs is achieved at shorter wavelengths, 1529 nm for our device. Although in both cases this is due to larger differential material gain at shorter wavelengths, the underlying physics of the effect is completely different. For an FR TLD, it is the resonance oscillation frequency (ROF) that defines the best modulation speed, while for an OIL TLD, the achievable modulation speed depends on the cavity mode shift due to optical injection. Both the ROF and the cavity mode shift increase when the differential gain increases. However, the ROF is the device’s fixed parameter, while the cavity mode shift is defined by the OIL conditions, and thus, it can be optimized. The superior performance of the optical fiber digital data transmission with the OIL TLD is demonstrated at around 20-Gb/s modulation speed for standard fibers. This result is attributed to an enhanced modulation response and suppressed frequency chirping of the OIL TLD, and it is important for practical utilization of TLD transmitters.

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Travelling‐wave modelling of the modulation dynamic performance of wavelength‐tunable laser diodes using the integrated VPI and PICS3D software

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Performance of Widely Tunable Multi-Quantum-Well and Bulk Laser Diodes and the Main Limiting Factors

Performance of Widely Tunable Multi-Quantum-Well and Bulk Laser Diodes and the Main Limiting Factors

Modulation dynamic response of optical‐injection‐locked wavelength‐tunable semiconductor laser diodes

Optical injection locking and optical-fiber data transmission by directly modulated wavelength tunable laser transmitters

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