Traumatization of Kamchatka River Pacific salmon by lampreys

Shevlyakov, V. A.; Parensky, V. A.

doi:10.1134/s106307401005010x

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…A preponderance of lamprey wounds observed on Pacific Cod occurred in body region III, the anterior ventral portion of the fish. Our results are consistent with a previous study showing Pacific Lamprey wounds were most often on the anterior ventral portion of Pink and Chum salmon in the western Bering Sea (Shevlyakov and Parensky 2010). The reason for lampreys attaching to the anterior ventral portion of a host was not investigated in our study, but one possible hypothesis is the relatively high blood flow in this vital region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Additional factors thought to influence feeding location include proximity of blood vessels to skin surface, presence of relatively large blood vessels, and areas where scales are reduced, thin, or absent (Farmer 1980;Cochran and Lyons 2010;Nichols and Tscherter 2011). On Pacific salmon, Pacific Lamprey wounds were observed more often on anterior and ventral body regions, proximal to vital organs, whereas Arctic Lamprey wounds were observed more often above the lateral line (Shevlyakov and Parensky 2010). In Pacific Cod examined for lamprey wounds in the western Bering Sea, over half of the fish were observed to have wounds on the dorsal aspect (Pelenev et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arctic and Pacific lampreys are anadromous fishes that spend an adult parasitic phase in the North Pacific Ocean and cooccur in the eastern Bering Sea with large-scale commercial fisheries including those targeting Walleye Pollock 1250 G. chalcogrammus, Pacific Cod, and Pacific Halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis. Both Arctic and Pacific lampreys are native species that evolved with the marine fishes they parasitize, but it is unknown which lamprey species attack which commercially valuable fishes and whether these attacks pose any negative impact to the populations of these fishes in the eastern Bering Sea (Shevlyakov and Parensky 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpreting Lamprey Attacks on Pacific Cod in the Eastern Bering Sea

Siwicke

Seitz

2015

Trans Am Fish Soc

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Adult anadromous lampreys attack several species targeted by large-scale commercial fisheries in the North Pacific Ocean, and the potential negative impact to these host fishes is not well understood. The Arctic Lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum and Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus are anadromous species that feed in the eastern Bering Sea, and lamprey parasitism is evident on Pacific Cod Gadus macrocephalus near the Bering Slope. To examine this parasitic interaction, we first built models using morphological measurements from lamprey oral discs to predict which lamprey species caused the observed wounds on Pacific Cod. We then examined lamprey wounding rates and explored healing patterns related to the severity and location of lamprey wounds. We scanned 8,746 Pacific Cod for lamprey wounds and found that 4.9% of the cod had at least one wound. Lamprey wound morphology was better predicted by an oral disk model built for Pacific Lamprey than by a similar model built for Arctic Lamprey.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpreting Lamprey Attacks on Pacific Cod in the Eastern Bering Sea

Siwicke

Seitz

2015

Trans Am Fish Soc

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“…Although lampreys are occasionally observed attached to large-bodied vertebrates, such as whales (Pike 1951;Nichols and Tscherter 2011;Samarra et al 2012) and sharks (Gallant et al 2006), teleosts more frequently exhibit evidence of parasitic lamprey interactions-specifically wounds in their skin and muscle. These wounds have been observed on the following groups of teleosts in the North Pacific Ocean: Gadidae, Clupeidae, Salmonidae, Sebastidae, and Pleuronectidae (Sviridov et al 2007;Orlov et al 2009;Shevlyakov and Parensky 2010). Conversely, lamprey wounds are apparently absent on teleosts that possess protective body structures, slender body forms, slimy skin, or watery flesh, such as members of Cottidae, Psychrolutidae, Hemitripteridae, Agonidae, Zoarcidae, Stichaeidae, Liparidae, and Macrouridae (Orlov et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Orlov et al. ; Shevlyakov and Parensky ). Conversely, lamprey wounds are apparently absent on teleosts that possess protective body structures, slender body forms, slimy skin, or watery flesh, such as members of Cottidae, Psychrolutidae, Hemitripteridae, Agonidae, Zoarcidae, Stichaeidae, Liparidae, and Macrouridae (Orlov et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Differences in the Distributions of Arctic and Pacific Lampreys in the Eastern Bering Sea

Siwicke

Seitz

2018

Trans Am Fish Soc

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The Arctic Lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum and Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus are ecologically and culturally valuable native species that co‐occur in the eastern Bering Sea. Lamprey wounds are often observed on fishes in this region, yet there is a paucity of information on the distribution of anadromous lampreys, lamprey–host interactions, and foraging behavior in the ocean. Our hypothesis was that each lamprey species would be positively associated (distribution and abundance) with their presumed hosts: Arctic Lampreys with smaller fishes that could easily be killed, and Pacific Lampreys with larger hosts that could sustain blood feeding. To examine lamprey distribution, abundance, and associations, we utilized data from two fishery‐independent surveys—one epipelagic trawl survey and one benthic trawl survey—conducted between 2002 and 2012 in the eastern Bering Sea. Distinct distributions of lamprey species were evident in models of their presence and absence by latitude and longitude. Arctic Lampreys inhabited the northern regions on the inner/middle continental shelf in depths less than 100 m, while Pacific Lampreys inhabited waters deeper than 150 m along the continental slope. Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii and juvenile salmonids were found in regions with relatively high Arctic Lamprey catches in the epipelagic trawl survey, and catches of lampreys and these potential hosts were positively correlated. Demersal groundfishes were found in regions with relatively high Pacific Lamprey abundance in the benthic trawl survey, but catches of Pacific Lampreys and these hosts were not consistent. We conclude that Arctic Lampreys and Pacific Lampreys are segregated in the eastern Bering Sea, and although differences in their distributions may be explained by species‐specific host preferences, alternate explanations include differences in seasonal movements, source river locations, and marine residence times. This study provides an initial baseline of the oceanic ecology of lampreys, which increases our understanding of species‐specific differences beyond traditional freshwater studies.

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Thermal refuge use and parasitism: Spatiotemporal variation in anchor worm and lamprey wounds on Klamath redband trout

Ortega,

Hahlbeck,

Derrickson

et al. 2023

Ecosphere

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Climate warming is increasing maximum temperatures during summer such that they more frequently exceed the thermal tolerances of ectotherms, particularly cold‐water fishes. One way that species can avoid thermal stress is by moving to thermal refuge habitats. Thermal refuges remain suitably cool during summer and are often complementary to foraging, spawning, and rearing habitats. Although the benefits associated with the thermal aspects of refuges are well studied, much less is known about potential costs associated with nonthermal aspects. For example, crowding of cold‐water fishes into seasonal refuge habitats could increase parasite loads and cause declines in fitness. We assessed lamprey and anchor worm parasitism in Upper Klamath Lake where adfluvial redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) move to thermal refuge habitats during summer. We sampled trout in Upper Klamath Lake during spring and in adjacent thermal refuge habitats during summer. We also evaluated survival as a function of lamprey wounding using motion‐sensing radio tags. There was a fourfold decline in the number of lamprey wounds on trout upon the onset of thermal refuge use. In contrast, cases of severe anchor worm (≥20 sores) increased threefold during thermal refuge use. Survival in thermal refuge was not different for lamprey‐wounded trout than for trout that migrated to thermal refuge without lamprey wounds. We found that both parasites were absent in a lotic population of redband trout downstream that lacked access to thermal refuge. Thus, the effects of seasonal refuge use on parasite load varied depending on the parasite taxon considered and local habitat conditions, implying that managers will likely require empirical data for focal habitats and taxa to understand how parasitism affects thermal refuge use.

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Traumatization of Kamchatka River Pacific salmon by lampreys

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Interpreting Lamprey Attacks on Pacific Cod in the Eastern Bering Sea

Interpreting Lamprey Attacks on Pacific Cod in the Eastern Bering Sea

Spatial Differences in the Distributions of Arctic and Pacific Lampreys in the Eastern Bering Sea

Thermal refuge use and parasitism: Spatiotemporal variation in anchor worm and lamprey wounds on Klamath redband trout

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