Traumatic brain injury causing intestinal dysfunction: A review

Iftikhar, Pulwasha M; Anwar, Arsalan; Saleem, Sidra; Nasir, Saad; Inayat, Arslan

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2020.07.019

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The gut-brain axis enables the communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS) sponsored by gut bacteria change ( Hanscom et al., 2021 ). The gastrointestinal dysfunction occurs in patients after cerebrovascular accidents ( Iftikhar et al., 2020 ), which might be partially caused by gut microbiota imbalance. Meanwhile, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its associated hormones, like noradrenaline increased after brain trauma, influence the gut bacterial proliferative ability and pathogenicity ( Sudo, 2014 ; Houlden et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage Changes Patients’ Gut Bacteria Composition and Function

Xiong

Peng

Song

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Gut bacteria consists of 150 times more genes than humans that are vital for health. Several studies revealed that gut bacteria are associated with disease status and influence human behavior and mentality. Whether human brain injury alters the gut bacteria is yet unclear, we tested 20 fecal samples from patients with cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage and corresponding healthy controls through metagenomic shotgun sequencing. The composition of patients’ gut bacteria changed significantly at the phylum level; Verrucomicrobiota was the specific phylum colonized in the patients’ gut. The functional alteration was observed in the patients’ gut bacteria, including high metabolic activity for nutrients or neuroactive compounds, strong antibiotic resistance, and less virulence factor diversity. The changes in the transcription and metabolism of differential species were more evident than those of the non-differential species between groups, which is the primary factor contributing to the functional alteration of patients with cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage Changes Patients’ Gut Bacteria Composition and Function

Xiong

Peng

Song

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…TBI has critical effects on other organ systems, including the GI tract (28,29), that impact morbidity and mortality (30)(31)(32). The few studies in patients that chronicle GI symptoms following TBI are focused primarily on inpatient complications involving food The Journal of Clinical Investigation…”

Section: Tbi Impacts Gut Physiology and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain-gut axis dysfunction in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury

Hanscom¹,

Loane²,

Shea‐Donohue³

2021

Journal of Clinical Investigation

106

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“…As for TBI patients, the excessive loss of magnesium from the digestive tract may be a cause of the hypomagnesemia after TBI. As a common non-neurological complication after TBI, gastrointestinal dysfunction has been investigated, developing in 95% of TBI patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Additionally, the excessive loss from the kidney by the massive use of diuretics mannitol and furosemide, which are commonly prescribed among TBI patients to reduce intracranial pressure, is another cause of the hypomagnesemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnesemia Is Associated with the Acute Kidney Injury in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Pilot Study

Liu

Wang

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly develops among traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and causes poorer outcomes. We perform this study to explore the relationship between serum magnesium and the risk of AKI among TBI. Methods: TBI patients recorded in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III database were eligible for this research. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) was utilized to fit the correlation between serum magnesium level and the AKI. Univariate and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized to explore risk factors of AKI and confirmed the correlation between serum magnesium and AKI. Results: The incidence of AKI in included TBI was 21.0%. The RCS showed that the correlation between magnesium level and risk of AKI was U-shaped. Compared with patients whose magnesium level was between 1.5 and 2.0 mg/dL, those with a magnesium level of <1.5 mg/dL or >2.0 mg/dL had a higher incidence of AKI. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed age, chronic renal disease, ISS, serum creatinine, vasopressor, mechanical ventilation, and serum magnesium <1.5 mg/dL were independently related with the AKI in TBI. Conclusion: Abnormal low serum magnesium level is correlated with AKI development in TBI patients. Physicians should pay attention on renal function of TBI patients especially those with hypomagnesemia.

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Traumatic brain injury causing intestinal dysfunction: A review

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage Changes Patients’ Gut Bacteria Composition and Function

Cerebral Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage Changes Patients’ Gut Bacteria Composition and Function

Brain-gut axis dysfunction in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury

Hypomagnesemia Is Associated with the Acute Kidney Injury in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Pilot Study

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