Traumatic brain injury: a priority for public health policy

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern. Persistent post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common consequence of TBI affecting productivity and quality of life. The only review providing information about headache prevalence after TBI was published in 2008, combined data from civilian and military TBI, and was strictly derived from Medline database. Due to recent changes in TBI diagnosis and trauma epidemiology, the aim of the current study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to derive updated prevalence estimates of persistent PTH in adult civilian TBI.Methods and analysisThe methods have been defined following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published from 2008 to 2019 will be identified searching the electronic databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals and Web of Science. Retrieved records will be independently screened by two authors and relevant data will be extracted from studies reporting data on persistent PTH prevalence among civilian TBI individuals (≥16 years). The pooled prevalence estimates of any form of headache will be computed applying random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2statistic and explored through subgroup analyses considering TBI severity (mild vs moderate/severe). Estimations of risk of bias will be performed using the Risk of Bias Tool for Prevalence Studies.Ethics and disseminationThe result of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at relevant conferences presentations. Formal ethical approval is not required because we will search and evaluate only existing sources of literature. By focusing on studies conducted in the last decade, this review will provide the most up-to-date information about the global prevalence of persistent PTH after TBI. Considering the economical and social burden of persistent PTH after TBI, accurate estimates of this problematic disorder is of utmost importance for planning, implementing and evaluating prevention interventions.PROSPERO registration numberNCT42018094138

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“…As TBI is a serious public health problem around the world,35 no geographical limitations will be applied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the prevalence of persistent post-traumatic headache in adult civilian traumatic brain injury: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…TBI is recognized as a leading cause of disability and death worldwide (1)(2)(3). Secondary TBI occurs after the initial mechanism of trauma has run its course (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these cases, the adverse effects outweigh the neuroprotective bene ts of therapeutic hypothermia (13). (2) The time of cooling initiation is a key factor that affects the neuroprotective outcomes associated with brain hypothermia. Clinical studies demonstrated that the window of opportunity appears to be 90 min or less for hypothermia therapy (14,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An injectable refrigerated hydrogel for Inducing local hypothermia and neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury

Han¹,

Han²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Hypothermia is a promising therapy for Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the clinic. However, the neuroprotective outcomes of hypothermia-treated TBI are not consistent in clinical studies due to several severe side effects. Here, an injectable refrigerated hydrogel is designed to deliver 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) to achieve a longer period of local hypothermia for TBI treatment. The hydrogel has four advantages: (1) It can be injected into injured site after TBI, where it forms a hydrogel and avoids the side effects of whole-body cooling. (2) The hydrogel can biodegrade and be used for controlled drug release. (3) Released T1AM can bind to trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) to produce cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which induces hypothermia. (4) This hydrogel has an increased medical value due to its simple operation and ability to achieve timely treatment. This hydrogel is able to cool the brain to 30.25 ± 2.25 °C for 12 hours while maintaining the body temperature at 36.80 ± 1.75 °C after TBI. More importantly, the hypothermia induced by this hydrogel leads to the maintenance of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, the prevention of cell death, the reduction of the inflammatory response and brain edema, and the promotion of functional recovery after TBI. This cooling method can potentially be developed as a new approach for hypothermia treatment in TBI.

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“…TBI is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with significant public health impacts and economic cost [7]. Occurring as a result of an external force on the brain [8], TBI is commonly associated with traffic accidents, falls, and trauma-related violence [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A TBI is sudden, emotionally traumatic, and has a long-term impact not only on the person with TBI but also on their families, friends, and community [10]. People living with TBI are a heterogeneous group, with a wide range of skills and difficulties needing individualized rehabilitation goals, interventions, and supports at different stages of their recovery [7]. Following injury, people with TBI experience changes in executive functioning, such as impaired working memory and attention; slowed information processing; difficulty in planning and problem-solving; and reduced self-regulation of their behavior [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Analysis of Tweets by People with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Implications for Rehabilitation and Social Media Goals

Brunner¹,

Palmer²,

Togher³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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In this Twitter research, 6874 tweets of six adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using content classification [1], inductive coding of content themes, socio-linguistic analysis, and computational analysis in KH Coder. The results reflected that participants used Twitter for: (i) supporting others, including people with TBI; (ii) discussing society and culture, popular issues, news, and personal interests; (iii) connecting with others; (iv) sharing their experiences of life after TBI; (v) knowledge via exchanging information; and (vii) advocacy. 'Emotional expression', and 'connection' were common threads running across themes. Attending to the expressions of people with TBI on Twitter provides important insights into their lived experiences and could inform the development of user-centered cognitivecommunication and social participation goals for people with TBI.

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Traumatic brain injury: a priority for public health policy

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Update on the prevalence of persistent post-traumatic headache in adult civilian traumatic brain injury: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Update on the prevalence of persistent post-traumatic headache in adult civilian traumatic brain injury: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

An injectable refrigerated hydrogel for Inducing local hypothermia and neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury

Content Analysis of Tweets by People with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Implications for Rehabilitation and Social Media Goals

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