Traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injury: Demographic characteristics, neurological and functional outcomes. A 7-year single centre experience

Alito, Angelo; Filardi, V.; Famà, Fausto; Bruschetta, Daniele; Ruggeri, C; Basile, Giorgio; Stancanelli, L.; D’Amico, Cesare; Bianconi, Simone; Tisano, Adriana

doi:10.1016/j.jor.2021.11.007

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…NTSCI has been most often characterized as having incomplete lesions, and is most often associated with paraplegia. A cohort study of 112 subjects, conducted in Italy, corroborated reports of demographic characteristics of NTSCI, including an increased incidence of these lesions in older and female patients (Table 1) [12]. The pathophysiology of the NTSCI varies based on the etiology but shares similar characteristics as those of traumatic etiology, except for the high-energy primary injury [13].…”

Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Scivoletti et al demonstrated in a study of 144 traumatic spinal cord injury patients (TSCI) and 236 NTSCI patients that after adjusting for confounders, such as age, sex, and lesion level; each patient population showed similar results in neurological and functional improvement based on BI measurements [9]. Alito et al demonstrated in evaluation of a 112 patient cohort made up of 85 NTSCI and 27 TSCI patients, that although admission FIM scores were lower for TSCI patients at the time of discharge, both groups demonstrated nearly equivalent FIM and BI scores [12]. McKinley et al presented a slightly different outcome but in mild opposition, demonstrating that groups of 87 NTSCI and 87 TSCI patients showed significant FIM improvements from admission until discharge, with the TSCI group having a higher discharge FIM, but the NTSCI group having a significantly shorter length of stay [79].…”

Section: Rehabilitation Outcomes and Admissionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Epidemiology, Etiology and Management

Molinares

Gater

Scott

et al. 2022

JPM

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The spinal cord is a conduit within the central nervous system (CNS) that provides ongoing communication between the brain and the rest of the body, conveying complex sensory and motor information necessary for safety, movement, reflexes, and optimization of autonomic function. After a traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), supraspinal influences on the peripheral nervous system and autonomic nervous system (ANS) are disrupted, leading to spastic paralysis, sympathetic blunting, and parasympathetic dominance, resulting in cardiac dysrhythmias, systemic hypotension, bronchoconstriction, copious respiratory secretions, and uncontrolled bowel, bladder, and sexual dysfunction. This article outlines the pathophysiology of the less reported nontraumatic SCI (NTSCI), its classification, its influence on sensory/motor function, and introduces the probable comorbidities associated with SCI that will be discussed in more detail in the accompanying manuscripts of this special issue. Finally, management strategies for NTSCI will be provided.

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Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Rehabilitation Outcomes and Admissionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Epidemiology, Etiology and Management

Molinares

Gater

Scott

et al. 2022

JPM

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“…These represent a much lower frequency of reported cases of traumatic SCI; however, this proportion may not exactly correspond to reality due to the difficulty in recording them, which are often overlapped by the primary diseases that cause them. Thus, in Alito's study [1] with a sample of 112 patients, 76% were of non-traumatic cause, with age being significantly higher than in those of traumatic origin. With regard to age, it has been observed that in industrialized countries, the percentage of non-traumatic injuries increases together with age [2].…”

Section: Sci Of Medical Originmentioning

confidence: 93%

Current Etiological Profile of the Spinal Cord Injury

Pérez¹

2023

Paraplegia - New Insights

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The causes of spinal cord injury are multiple; classically they can be divided into two large groups: those of medical origin (tumor, infectious, vascular, by compression, sclerosis, and congenital) and those of traumatic origin (traffic accidents, accidental falls, work accidents, sports accidents (dives), attempts of autolysis, and violence). Its incidence and prevalence by sex, age, occupation, leisure activities, and geographic location are variable. The objective of this chapter is to review the different causes of spinal cord injury, especially traumatic ones, according to the different variables mentioned. The analysis of these data will allow strategies for the prevention of new injuries to be focused on the best direction.

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“…3 Traumatic SCI is caused by direct mechanical injuries such as contusion and compression, while infection and impaired circulation are the etiologies of nontraumatic SCI. 4,5 The local edema, ischemia, and hypoxia caused by the injury in the spinal cord and surrounding tissues, are the main causes of neuronal apoptosis and irre-versible spinal cord dysfunction. 6,7 Therefore, it is crucial to hinder the progression of SCI to neuronal apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

METTL3 Affects Spinal Cord Neuronal Apoptosis by Regulating Bcl-2 m6A Modifications After Spinal Cord Injury

et al. 2023

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Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe type of neurological trauma. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most common internal modifications of RNA. The role of METTL3, the predominant methylation enzyme of m6A modification, in SCI remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of methyltransferase METTL3 in SCI.Methods: After establishing the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model of PC12 cells and rat spinal cord hemisection model, we found that the expression of METTL3 and the overall m6A modification level were significantly increased in neurons. The m6A modification was identified on B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) by bioinformatics analysis, and m6A-RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation. In addition, METTL3 was blocked by the specific inhibitor STM2457 and gene knockdown, and then apoptosis levels were measured.Results: In different models, we found that the expression of METTL3 and the overall m6A modification level were significantly increased in neurons. After inducing OGD, inhibition of METTL3 activity or expression increased the mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2, inhibited neuronal apoptosis, and improved neuronal viability in the spinal cord.Conclusion: Inhibition of METTL3 activity or expression can inhibit the apoptosis of spinal cord neurons after SCI through the m6A/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.

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Traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injury: Demographic characteristics, neurological and functional outcomes. A 7-year single centre experience

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Epidemiology, Etiology and Management

Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Epidemiology, Etiology and Management

Current Etiological Profile of the Spinal Cord Injury

METTL3 Affects Spinal Cord Neuronal Apoptosis by Regulating Bcl-2 m6A Modifications After Spinal Cord Injury

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