Trauma to the Carpus, Tarsus, and Phalanges of Dogs and Cats

Distribution of vertical forces in the pads of Greyhounds and Labrador Retrievers during walking

“…9,21 When fractures involve more than 2 bones or both the third and fourth metacarpal (or metatarsal bones) in the same limb are affected, it has been recommended 9,21-24 that the fractures be treated by use of internal fixation techniques. A review of the literature would suggest that most of the load is transferred through the third and fourth metacarpal and metatarsal bones and that nonsurgical management should be considered only when both of these bones are intact.…”

Luxation of the radial carpal bone in a cat

“…It should be repaired where possible, and may be supported by a medial prosthesis of wire or polydioxanone (PDS; Ethicon). Alternatively, medial support may be provided by transposition of the tendon of abductor pollicis longus (Early and Dee 1990).…”

Excision arthroplasty of the interphalangeal joint as an alternative to digit amputation in two dogs

“…Therefore, if the main weight‐bearing digits are affected (as was the case in both dogs described here), alternative measures should certainly be considered. Some surgeons have modified the standard digit amputation technique by removing the bones while saving the pad (Early and Dee 1980, Dee and others 1990, Basher 1994). The advantages of excision arthroplasty over amputation are the maintenance of some functional use of the affected digits and an undisturbed cosmetic appearance.…”

“…If minimal displacement is present, most fractures will heal with a minimum of intervention (Manley 1981, Anderson and others 1993). Surgical stabilisation might be warranted in high‐performance animals when fragments are markedly displaced or when the fractures are intra‐articular or open (Early and Dee 1980, Manley 1981, Dee and others 1990). However, adequate reconstruction of the fracture may not be possible because of the small size of the phalangeal bones or because of high comminution.…”