Trauma-sensitive yoga as an adjunct mental health treatment in group therapy for survivors of domestic violence: A feasibility study

Clark, Cari J.; Lewis-Dmello, Angela; Anders, Deena; Parsons, Amy; Nguyen-Feng, Viann N.; Henn, Lisa; Emerson, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.04.003

Cited by 62 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Of 1,188 nonduplicate records, 1,161 were excluded because they were not randomized, did not include patients with anxiety, did not include relevant outcomes, and/or did not include yoga interventions. Twenty‐seven full‐text articles were assessed, and five were excluded because they were not randomized (Clark et al., ; Sharma, Azmi, & Settiwar, ; Telles, Gaur, & Balkrishna, ; Tolbaños Roche, Miró Barrachina, & Ibáñez Fernández, ; Valentine, Meyer‐Dinkgräfe, Acs, & Wasley, ). For two further articles, it was unclear whether they were randomized or not (Kozasa et al., ; Vahia et al., ); the authors of one article clarified that the trial was not randomized (Kozasa et al., ); both articles were excluded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga for anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2018

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Yoga has become a popular approach to improve emotional health. The aim of this review was to systematically assess and meta-analyze the effectiveness and safety of yoga for anxiety. Medline/PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and IndMED were searched through October 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of yoga for individuals with anxiety disorders or elevated levels of anxiety. The primary outcomes were anxiety and remission rates, and secondary outcomes were depression, quality of life, and safety. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Eight RCTs with 319 participants (mean age: 30.0-38.5 years) were included. Risk of selection bias was unclear for most RCTs. Meta-analyses revealed evidence for small short-term effects of yoga on anxiety compared to no treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.74, -0.11; P = .008), and large effects compared to active comparators (SMD = -0.86; 95% CI = -1.56, -0.15; P = .02). Small effects on depression were found compared to no treatment (SMD = -0.35; 95% CI = -0.66, -0.04; P = .03). Effects were robust against potential methodological bias. No effects were found for patients with anxiety disorders diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual criteria, only for patients diagnosed by other methods, and for individuals with elevated levels of anxiety without a formal diagnosis. Only three RCTs reported safety-related data but these indicated that yoga was not associated with increased injuries. In conclusion, yoga might be an effective and safe intervention for individuals with elevated levels of anxiety. There was inconclusive evidence for effects of yoga in anxiety disorders. More high-quality studies are needed and are warranted given these preliminary findings and plausible mechanisms of action.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga for anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2018

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“…Larouche et al, 2015) as well as a main therapeutic intervention in effectively reducing stress (Smith et al, 2007;Michalsen et al, 2005;Malathi and Damodaran, 1999;Esch et al, 2003), anxiety (Sahasi et al, 1989;Vahia et al, 1973;Sharma et al, 1991;Broota and Sanghvi, 1994;Oken et al, 2006;Kjellgren et al, 2007;Javnbakht et al, 2009), depression (Oken et al, 2006;Michalsen et al, 2005), and stress-related symptoms such as hypertension and insomnia (Smith et al, 2007). Relevant for this study is the work of Conboy et al (2013) showing that amongst a group of high school students there were many reported benefits of the regular practice of yoga, such as improved self-image, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and the propagation of optimism about life challenges (Clark et al, 2014;Rhodes, 2015).…”

Section: What Is Kundalini Yoga?mentioning

confidence: 87%

Kundalini yoga as mutual recovery: a feasibility study including children in care and their carers

Vallejos

Ball

Brown

et al. 2016

JCS

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test whether incorporating a 20-week Kundalini yoga programme into a residential home for children improves well-being outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This is a mixed methods feasibility study. Feasibility was assessed through recruitment and retention rates as well as participants’ self-report perceptions on social inclusion, mental health and well-being and through semi-structured interviews on the benefits of the study. Mutual recovery entailed that children in care (CIC), youth practitioners and management participated together in the Kundalini yoga sessions. Findings The study initially enrolled 100 per cent of CIC and 97 per cent (29/30) of eligible staff. Attendance was low with an average rate of four sessions per participant (SD=3.7, range 0-13). All the participants reported that the study was personally meaningful and experienced both individual (e.g. feeling more relaxed) and social benefits (e.g. feeling more open and positive). Pre- and post-yoga questionnaires did not show any significant effects. Low attendance was associated with the challenges faced by the children’s workforce (e.g. high levels of stress, low status, profile and pay) and insufficient consultation and early involvement of stakeholders on the study implementation process. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach (i.e. feasibility study) and low attendance rate, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, further research with larger samples including a control or comparison group to pilot similar research questions is mandatory. Practical implications This study has generated a number of valuable guiding principles and recommendations that might underpin the development of any future intervention for CIC and staff working in children’s homes. Social implications The concept of togetherness and mutuality within residential spaces is discussed in the paper. Originality/value The effects of Kundalini yoga have not been reported before in any peer-review publications. This paper fulfils an identified need (i.e. poor outcomes among CIC and residential staff) and shows how movement and creative practices can support the concept of mutual recovery.

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“…As noted, trauma-sensitive yoga has also been shown to be effective in other populations, including victims of interpersonal violence and natural disasters. 16–21 The WAE protocol used in the intervention was developed for veterans suffering from the effects of combat-related trauma, the target of this study. 28 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Specific to PTSD, trauma-sensitive yoga has been used with good effect in many populations, such as women suffering the after-effects of interpersonal violence, 16,17 children exposed to interpersonal trauma in urban settings, 18,19 and communities devastated by natural disasters. 20,21 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Military-Tailored Yoga for Veterans with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder†

Cushing¹,

Braun

Alden

et al. 2018

Military Medicine

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Introduction: Among veterans of post-9/11 conflicts, estimates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) range from 9% shortly after returning from deployment to 31% a year after deployment. Clinical and pharmaceutically based treatments are underutilized. This could be due to concerns related to lost duty days, as well as PTSD patients’ fears of stigma of having a mental health condition. Yoga has been shown to reduce PTSD symptoms in the civilian population, but few studies have tested the impact of yoga on veterans of post-9/11 conflicts. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of yoga on post-9/11 veterans diagnosed with PTSD. Materials and Methods: Participants were 18 yr of age or older and veterans of post-9/11 conflicts. They had subthreshold or diagnostic-level PTSD related to their combat military service, as determined by a score of 30 or higher on the PTSD Checklist-Military version (PCL-M). Veterans participated in 60-min weekly yoga sessions for 6 wk taught by a Warriors at Ease-trained yoga instructor who is a, post-9/11 veteran. The yoga sessions incorporated Vinyasa-style yoga and a trauma-sensitive, military-culture informed approach advocated by two separate organizations: Warriors at Ease and Meghan’s Foundation. Data were collected at baseline and again after 7 wk. The primary outcome was PCL-M score. Participants also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale at both time points. Results: Eighteen Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn veterans completed the pre- and post-intervention self-report questionnaires. Age ranged from 26 to 62 yr (median = 43 yr), length of service ranged from 2 to 34 yr (median = 18.8 yr), and 13 (72.2%) had completed college. Decreased PTSD symptomatology was demonstrated in the three-symptom clusters represented in the PCL-M (i.e., hyperarousal, re-experiencing, and avoidance). In addition, the total score on the PCL-M decreased significantly, by both statistical and clinical measures. The participants also demonstrated improved mindfulness scores and reported decreased insomnia, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a trauma-sensitive yoga intervention may be effective for veterans with PTSD symptoms, whether as stand-alone or adjunctive therapy. The impressive decrease in PTSD symptomatology may be due to the tailored military-specific nature of this intervention and the fact that it was led by a veteran of post-9/11 conflicts. More research is needed with a larger sample and a more diverse veteran population.

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Trauma-sensitive yoga as an adjunct mental health treatment in group therapy for survivors of domestic violence: A feasibility study

Cited by 62 publications

References 49 publications

Yoga for anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Yoga for anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Kundalini yoga as mutual recovery: a feasibility study including children in care and their carers

Military-Tailored Yoga for Veterans with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder†

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