Trauma, Resilience, Anxiety Disorders, and PTSD

Kalin, Ned H.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20121738

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Evidence suggests that the symptoms of anxiety and depression (16-28%) and self-reported stress (8%), are common psychological reactions to COVID-19 infection (5)(6)(7). Studies have also shown an increase in the incidence of feelings of anger, fear-avoidance behaviors, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Frontline health care workers (HCWs) have had an increased risk of developing health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to physical illness, they have experienced mental health challenges, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of PTSD among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic via an umbrella review and meta-analysis.Methods: This study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline to perform a systematic literature search using various medical databases (Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest, Science Direct, Embase, and Google scholar). The search included all articles published through the first of January 2020 the end of March 2021. The systematic review and meta-analysis studies that reported the prevalence of PTSD among health care workers were included in the study, and studies that reported the prevalence of PTSD in normal people or other epidemics were excluded. The random effects model was used to perform a meta-analysis, and the I2 index was used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test. Data was analyzed using STATA (version 14) software.Results: The initial literature search yielded 145 studies. After excluding duplicates and assessing the quality of the studies, 7 studies were selected for meta-analysis. The results showed that the overall prevalence of PTSD among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic was 13.52% (95% CI: 9.06–17.98, I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.008).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of PTSD among frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to invest in efforts to screen HCWs for mental health disorders such as PTSD and provide them with mental health support.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Table 3 represents the information of participants that have been affected by COVID-19. In all participants, 0.6% (10) have confirmed or suspected infection, and 0.4% (7) revealed that the confirmed or suspected infections were observed in their families. 1.8% (29) respondents and their family members were isolated while 18.0% (286) respondent or their family members have experienced home isolation.140(8.8%) experienced confirmed or suspected cases in their community, school, or workplace.…”

Section: Participant's Information Affected By Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a year of the outbreak of the Ebola virus in Sierra Leone, among 27% of the participant met levels of clinical apprehension for PTSD and 16% met levels of possible PTSD [ 3 ]. In the Republic of Korea, 42.9% of survivors reported PTSD after 12 months of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) [ 4 ].Kalin [ 7 ] enumerated several reasons to explain why the COVID-19 pandemic represents the perfect storm of stressors and traumatic events:1) a sense of uncontrollability and a sense of uncertainty about the future,2) concerns about contracting COVID-19, becoming gravely ill, and dying,3) worries about losing loved ones and friends, and the grief associated with real losses,4) prolonged physical separation and social isolation from family and friends,5) disruption of regular routines, including work and school for children,6) losses of jobs, business failures, and the profound economic consequences,7) lack of trust in leadership to effectively deal with the crisis. Thus, through this lens, the COVID-19 pandemic may be viewed as a valid traumatic event according to ICD-11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders and associated factors one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 among the public in southwestern China: a cross-sectional study

Lei

Zhu

et al. 2021

BMC Psychiatry

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Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread across the whole world and brought strong psychological impact. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) in the general people of southwestern China and associated factors 1 month after the outbreak of the COVID-19. Methods This study was started on 4–10 Feb 2020 based on online survey. The present work was carried out in the provinces of southeastern China, including Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province, and Chongqing City.1593 respondents aged 18 years and above administered to this study. Data on whether they have experienced confirmed or suspected COVID-19 of themselves/family members/acquaintances were also collected, and based on ‘yes’ answers, the number of affected individuals (via COVID-19) were categorized into four exposure levels i.e., non-affected, less, moderately, or significantly affected. The civilian version of the PTSD checklist and the self-reported information about COVID-19 were used. Results The prevalence of PTSD was approximately 25.2%(n = 401/1593). The chances of developing PTSD were 6.053(OR = 6.053, 95% CI 1.394 to 26.280) or 3.673(OR = 3.673, 95% CI 1.738 to 7.765) times higher among respondents who had been significantly and moderately affected than those who had not been affected, accordingly. Male (OR = 1.484, 95% CI 1.147 to 1.920),younger age individuals (40 ~ 49 age group/<30 age group, OR = 0.395, 95% CI 0.258 to 0.606) and health care workers (OR = 1.788, 95% CI 1.155 to 2.277) were at higher risk of developing PTSD. Conclusion Our findings highlight that a positive correlation between the pandemic and PTSD. It is urgent to establish a screening and prevention systems for the population who are significantly exposed to COVID-19,and provide different psychological intervention strategies for different groups.

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“…For example, the more vulnerable groups include the people with the psychiatric disorder, and the healthcare workers, and the people with a socioeconomic status at low level. During pandemic, Black and Latino households are twice as the same as the White households to experience food insufficiency [7].…”

Section: Pandemic Impact To Different Group Of Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

The Current situation and treatment of PTSD during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

Shang¹,

Zhao²

2022

HSET

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In recent years, with the continuous spread of the COVID-19, the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has gradually become the major mental disorder which puzzles the people's psychological problems. PTSD has a high incidence rate in people who have experienced one or more trauma, but not all people who have experienced trauma will suffer from PTSD. Research shows that most patients with post-traumatic stress disorder often have one or more other mental diseases, including major depression and substance abuse or others (like bipolar, anxiety and so on). As a mental disorder with high risk and high suicide rate, PTSD is easy to be comorbid with depression, anxiety, sleep disorders and other symptoms, which not only makes patients more painful, but also greatly increases the difficulty of treatment. Although traumatic events are a necessary condition for diagnosis of the PTSD, they are not the sufficient condition for occurrence of the PTSD. At present, a lot of research has been done on PTSD, but its pathogenesis is still not completely clear. The causes may include genetic susceptibility factors, childhood psychological trauma, and other negative life events before and after traumatic events.Psychotherapy and drug treatment are the main treatment schemes for PTSD at present, but in the epidemic environment, these treatments have certain inconveniences, which reflects the advantages of telemedicine. In the future, people should obtain more and more evidence-based evidence from multiple perspectives in order to obtain the best curative effect.

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Trauma, Resilience, Anxiety Disorders, and PTSD

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

The Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis

The Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders and associated factors one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 among the public in southwestern China: a cross-sectional study

The Current situation and treatment of PTSD during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

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