Trauma histórico. Revisión sistemática de un abordaje diferente al conflicto armado

Bohigas, J.; Carrillo, J. Octavio Loya; Garzón, Daniel; Ramírez, María Paulina; Rodríguez, Nicolás

doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2014.09.005

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Lo descrito remite a la noción de trauma histórico, y cumple las características de las experiencias traumáticas: sufridas por la mayoría de la comunidad, altos niveles de tensión o estrés colectivo y duelos masivos (por pérdidas de individuos o de tradiciones culturales), prolongados con intención destructiva por personas ajenas a la comunidad (29). Las masacres y las violencias repetidas producen una serie de rupturas en las personas como sujetos y en la sociedad como colectivo, derribando los principios que se comparten en tiempos de paz.…”

Section: Las Presuncionesunclassified

Distancias y puentes entre imágenes y discursos de la reconciliación

Giraldo Villate,

Escudero de Santacruz,

Torres Calderón

2023

Univ. Med.

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Una vez logrado en Colombia un Acuerdo Final de paz tras un largo conflicto armado, empezaron a circular nuevos vocablos con uso particularmente diverso, entre estos el de reconciliación. En ese contexto múltiple, la urgencia de transformar en prácticas las disertaciones, llevó a preguntar: ¿qué aprender acerca de la reconciliación de parte de personas que han vivido el horror de la guerra? Con una metodología de análisis secundario cualitativo, se abordaron 195 fotografías, sus títulos y textos explicativos, elaboradas por 227 personas en 10 municipios del país, con imágenes evocadoras de la reconciliación. Los resultados muestran gran distancia entre los preceptos (normas, decretos, textos) y las condiciones reales para la reconciliación. Los pobladores la circunscriben al retorno de lo habitual, a que la vida vuelva a transcurrir sin horror ni guerra. Como metáfora comprensiva, este artículo asume la de botín y la vincula con la noción de trauma histórico. Concluye que desear la reconciliación es el motor imprescindible, pero requiere un largo y doloroso proceso y el profundo reconocimiento de las condiciones psicosociales, culturales y las acciones de las personas involucradas, pues han vivido en su propio cuerpo y espíritu el impacto de lo impensable.

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Section: Las Presuncionesunclassified

Distancias y puentes entre imágenes y discursos de la reconciliación

Giraldo Villate,

Escudero de Santacruz,

Torres Calderón

2023

Univ. Med.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of psychosocial trauma has historically been approached from different perspectives, disciplines, and contexts (Freud, 1948;Chía-Chávez et al, 2011;American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013;Bohigas et al, 2015). In the 20th century, the psychosocial period of trauma began, under the gaze of historical trauma (Bohigas et al, 2015). In the 90s, Ignacio Martín-Baró placed it in the Latin American context as "Psychosocial Trauma, " and defined it as "the crystallizationor materialization-in individuals of aberrant and dehumanizing social relationship such as those that prevail in situations of civil war" (Martín Baró et al, 1990, p. 236).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderating Effect of the Situation of Return or Relocation on the Well-Being and Psychosocial Trauma of Young Victims of the Armed Conflict in Colombia

et al. 2020

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Colombia is the second country with the highest number of internally displaced persons. In the last 10 years, more than 400,000 young people carry, in their life experiences, the title of victims. The psychological and social circumstances that determine the lives of displaced young people in the world are not unknown. Fear, the poor resources for social adaptation available to them, and the possible reproduction of the cycle of violence, represent psychosocial risk factors in the young and displaced population. In this context, the Victims Law in Colombia stipulated various measures of repairment, including Relocation (the person or household victim of forced displacement decides to settle in some place, other than the one they were forced to leave) and Return (the person or the household victim of forced displacement decides to return to the place from which they were displaced, in order to settle indefinitely) provided the conditions of voluntariness, security, and dignity are present. A hypothesis that well-being will be better in the returnees was set, since they would strengthen the social support networks between neighbors and other victims in their old spaces of life. To test the hypothesis, the scales of Psychological Well-being, Social Well-being, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Psychosocial Trauma Scale were applied to young returnees (n = 129) and relocated (n = 259) in Colombia. The Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed to extract the general measure of well-being and psychosocial trauma followed by the comparison between the groups. Significance, power, and effect size indicators were obtained, and finally, the partial correlation between the groups was made in relation to psychosocial trauma and well-being. Results showed that returnees have greater well-being and clearer indicators (d = 0.365, 1-β = 0.996), with respect to that of relocated. In addition, the well-being of returnees has fewer trauma factors, who in turn are quasi-moderated by the situation of return or relocation.

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“…In this regard, the work carried out with victims, specifi cally those related to the historical memory, has enabled the consciousness of orality and the comprehension of the origin and dynamics of stories from all parties involved in the confl ict (Rueda, 2013). One topic of study is the derived psychological problem that has established that traumatic events should be analyzed within the historical context, which makes it possible to understand the transgenerational elements and diverse psychological and social responses (Borda, Carrillo, Garzón, Ramírez, & Rodríguez, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%