Trauma/grief-focused group psychotherapy: School-based postwar intervention with traumatized Bosnian adolescents.

Differences in the Association Between Childhood Trauma and BMI in Black and White South African Women

“…We chose to select 14 schools (seven per study condition) on the basis of a preceding power analysis. This power analysis was based on reported effect sizes for PTSD and depressive symptoms by Cohen et al [27] and Layne et al [28]. Although these studies focused on psychotherapeutic (group) interventions with trauma-affected children and our aim was to evaluate an intervention with dual aims, at the time of study design they represented the little available data on which power estimation could be based.…”

“…Although these studies focused on psychotherapeutic (group) interventions with trauma-affected children and our aim was to evaluate an intervention with dual aims, at the time of study design they represented the little available data on which power estimation could be based. Based on effect sizes of 1.10 for PTSD and 0.78 for depressive symptoms [27,28], a twosided α equal to 0.02, and β equal to 0.05, we calculated that we needed a minimum of 18 and 35 children to detect changes in PTSD and depressive symptoms of similar size, respectively, per study condition. As recommended for cluster randomized trials [29], we accounted for intracluster correlation due to nested variance at the school level using the formula: n(1 + (m-1)ρ), with n = required non-corrected sample size, m = average cluster size and ρ = estimated intracluster correlation.…”

Identifying Priorities for Mental Health Interventions in War-Affected Youth: A Longitudinal Study

“…Although the treatment of complex trauma and related conditions, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, often requires highly trained mental health professionals (eg, psychiatrists and/or doctorallevel psychologists) and, often, an individual therapy setting, there is a growing evidence base suggesting that internalizing disorders can be treated by bachelor's-level mental health workers with rigorous training and supervision using evidenced-based techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy and/or interpersonal therapy with minimal risk of adverse iatrogenic effects. 3,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Furthermore, a stepped care approach can be adopted in which the most acute individuals or those suffering from resistant trauma symptoms can be directed toward more sophisticated treatment resources tailored to their conditions if initial stabilization-focused interventions do not yield sufficient symptom relief. 26,27 A focus on war trauma has dominated many of the interventions for war-affected youth.…”

Impact of Early Psychosocial Factors (Childhood Socioeconomic Factors and Adversities) on Future Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Metabolic Disturbances and Obesity: A Systematic Review

“…As a first level of defense, LPC provides initial relief with a trusted adult at school. These findings are noteworthy, given that more complex school-based interventions report similar reductions in PTSD among children traumatized by violence, war or an earthquake (Goenjian et al 2005;Stein et al 2003;Layne 2001).…”

“…Currently, the state of school mental health practice focuses on referring students who are at high risk for developing mental health disorders to a school psychologist for individual care (Dowdy et al 2010;Cash & Nealis 2004). Of therapeutic methods used in schools, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and trauma/griefinformed psychotherapy have been found to effectively reduce symptoms of depression and PTSD among traumaexposed youth (Goenjian et al 2005;Stein et al 2003;Layne 2001). CBT and psychotherapy are both timeintensive modalities supported by professional mental health clinicians and intended for use among individuals with full-blown PTSD (symptoms after 30 days).…”