Trauma exposure and stress-related disorders in a large, urban, predominantly African-American, female sample

Gluck, Rachel; Hartzell, Georgina; Dixon, H. Drew; Michopoulos, Vasiliki; Powers, Abigail; Stevens, Jennifer; Fani, Negar; Carter, Sierra; Schwartz, Ann C.; Jovanović, Tanja; Ressler, Kerry J.; Bradley, Bekh; Gillespie, Charles F.

doi:10.1007/s00737-021-01141-4

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Finally, ethnic minorities are under-represented in PTSD and RBD studies and clinicians should be aware there are striking ethnic differences in rates of adult and childhood trauma exposure and PTSD among minorities [ 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brainstem Quadruple Aberrant Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Beta-Amyloid, Alpha-Synuclein and TDP-43 Pathology, Stress and Sleep Behavior Disorders

Calderón‐Garcidueñas

Rajkumar

Stommel

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Quadruple aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau (p-τ), amyloid-β peptide, alpha-synuclein and TDP-43 brainstem and supratentorial pathology are documented in forensic ≤40y autopsies in Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC), and p-τ is the major aberrant protein. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an elevated risk of subsequent dementia, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is documented in PD, AD, Lewy body dementia and ALS. This study aimed to identify an association between PTSD and potential pRBD in Mexico. An anonymous online survey of 4502 urban college-educated adults, 29.3 ± 10.3 years; MMC, n = 1865; non-MMC, n = 2637, measured PTSD symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) and pRBD symptoms using the RBD Single-Question. Over 50% of the participants had IES-R scores ≥33 indicating probable PTSD. pRBD was identified in 22.6% of the participants across Mexico and 32.7% in MMC residents with PTSD. MMC subjects with PTSD had an OR 2.6218 [2.5348, 2.7117] of answering yes to the pRBD. PTSD and pRBD were more common in women. This study showed an association between PTSD and pRBD, strengthening the possibility of a connection with misfolded proteinopathies in young urbanites. We need to confirm the RBD diagnosis using an overnight polysomnogram. Mexican women are at high risk for stress and sleep disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brainstem Quadruple Aberrant Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Beta-Amyloid, Alpha-Synuclein and TDP-43 Pathology, Stress and Sleep Behavior Disorders

Calderón‐Garcidueñas

Rajkumar

Stommel

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Participants were recruited as part of a larger study on the genetic risk factors for and consequences of trauma exposure (The Grady Trauma Project; Gillespie et al., 2009 ; Gluck et al., 2021 ). Specifically, they were recruited from primary care and OB/GYN clinics at the Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, GA, which serves a majority Black, low-income, trauma-exposed community.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is considerable evidence to suggest that trauma exposure increases the risk for T2DM and its related conditions ( Huffhines et al., 2016 ; Roberts et al., 2015 ; Vaccarino et al., 2014 ). In particular, individuals living in low-income communities are more likely to experience chronic, repeated exposure to violence and trauma, and individuals living in those communities are disproportionately likely to be Black as a result of historic disenfranchisement in the United States ( Gluck et al., 2021 ). Likewise, prevalence rates of T2DM are higher among Black people ( Golden et al., 2012 ) and Black individuals have worse T2DM severity (indicated by higher HbA1c levels; Herman, 2016 ) compared to white individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability and HbA1c predict plasma interleukin-6 response to psychosocial stress challenge in trauma-exposed women with type 2 diabetes

Merker

Dixon

Gluck

et al. 2022

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem in the United States. Although cardiovascular autonomic functioning, blood glucose control, and inflammation are known to play a role in T2DM, the interaction between these variables remains largely unexplored, particularly in the context of stress. To address this gap, we examined the relationship between these variables in a sample that is uniquely vulnerable to the health consequences of T2DM. Methods Participants were 37 trauma-exposed Black women with a diagnosis of T2DM. High frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), blood glucose control (HbA1c), and a stressor-evoked biomarker of inflammation (interleukin 6; IL-6) were obtained as part of a larger study of the genetic risk factors for and consequences of trauma exposure. Results The interaction of HbA1c and HF-HRV was significantly associated with IL-6 response calculated as area under the curve with respect to ground. Post-hoc simple slopes analyses revealed HbA1c, rather than HF-HRV, as the moderator in this association such that higher HF-HRV conferred higher circulating levels of IL-6 only in the presence of lower HbA1c, ( β = 0.60, t = 3.51, p = .001). Conclusions Cardiovascular autonomic functioning and blood glucose control were significantly associated with stressor-evoked IL-6 responses when controlling for BMI and age. Moreover, the association between cardiovascular autonomic functioning and inflammation varied at different levels of HbA1c. This highlights the possibility that individuals with trauma exposure and T2DM may benefit from stratification by HbA1c levels for research analysis and treatment decision making.

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“…Almost 65% of Black American youth report traumatic experiences compared to 30% of their peers from other races and ethnicities (Bernard et al, 2021;Fitzpatrick & Boldizar, 1993;Slopen et al, 2016). Black Americans also experience more chronic and severe PTSD symptoms compared to other racial and ethnic groups (Gluck et al, 2021;Roberts, Gilman, Breslau, Breslau, & Koenen, 2011;Sibrava et al, 2019). Of additional note, Black Americans have significantly higher rates of objective life stressors, such as witnessing violence, receiving bad news, and losing a loved one prematurely (Massey, 2017;Turner & Avison, 2003).…”

Section: Rdoc Framework For Racial Trauma: the Negative Valence Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the biological embedding of racial trauma among Black Americans utilizing the RDoC approach

2021

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The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative aims to understand the mechanisms influencing psychopathology through a dimensional approach. Limited research thus far has considered potential racial/ethnic differences in RDoC constructs that are influenced by developmental and contextual processes. A growing body of research has demonstrated that racial trauma is a pervasive chronic stressor that impacts the health of Black Americans across the life course. In this review article, we examine the ways that an RDOC framework could allow us to better understand the biological embedding of racial trauma among Black Americans. We also specifically examine the Negative Valence System domain of RDoC to explore how racial trauma is informed by and can help expand our understanding of this domain. We end the review by providing some additional research considerations and future research directives in the area of racial trauma that build on the RDoC initiative.

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Trauma exposure and stress-related disorders in a large, urban, predominantly African-American, female sample

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Brainstem Quadruple Aberrant Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Beta-Amyloid, Alpha-Synuclein and TDP-43 Pathology, Stress and Sleep Behavior Disorders

Brainstem Quadruple Aberrant Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Beta-Amyloid, Alpha-Synuclein and TDP-43 Pathology, Stress and Sleep Behavior Disorders

Heart rate variability and HbA1c predict plasma interleukin-6 response to psychosocial stress challenge in trauma-exposed women with type 2 diabetes

Measuring the biological embedding of racial trauma among Black Americans utilizing the RDoC approach

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