Trauma death in a resource constrained setting: Mechanisms and contributory factors, the result of analysing 147 cases

Ugare, Gabriel; Bassey, IE; Udosen, JE; Ndifon, Wilfred; Ndoma-Egba, R.; Asuquo, Maurice E.; Undie, G

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.133965

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, justify the fact that the public needs to be aware of the fact of high velocity trauma of today's world is beyond the comprehension of alternative practitioners. 57 …”

Section: Genetic Susceptibility Related To Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Immunology of Sinusitis, Trauma, Asthma, and Sepsis

Frieri¹,

Kumar

Boutin

2015

Allergy�Rhinol (Providence)

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Background:This review article is important for allergists/immunologists and otolaryngologists. It discussed chronic rhinosinusitis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, innate adaptive immunology, nuclear factor–kappa B related to inflammation, sepsis, complement, reactive oxygen species, asthma, sinusitis, elderly pathogenesis, oxidative stress, depression, seasonal variation, vitamin D, genetic susceptibility and sepsis, hereditary angioedema related to trauma and stress.Objective:The objective of this review is to link chronic rhinosinusitis, epidemiology, innate and adaptive immunology, NF-kappa B related to inflammation, sepsis, complement, reactive oxygen species, asthma and sinusitis.Methods:A literature search was conducted from several articles, prospective studies, recent reviews and earlier reports. A synergistic relationship develops between activation of the innate immune system and the loss of organ barrier functions. Many complex factors, such as genetics, physical agents, mediators in the development of organ failure both in asthma, sinusitis, stress, depression and trauma, leading to posttraumatic organ failure. Asthma and sepsis, a common condition encountered in hospital environments remains an important cause of death at intensive care units where allergists/immunologists and otolaryngologists are frequently consulted. The patient's immune surveillance could fail to eliminate the pathogen, allowing it to spread and there is a proinflammatory mediator release with inappropriate activation.Conclusion:This review discussed chronic rhinosinusitis, sinusitis related to trauma, the innate and adaptive immunology, NF-kappa B related to inflammation, sepsis, complement, inflammation, reactive oxygen species, asthma pathogenesis, and asthma in the elderly, oxidative stress, depression, seasonal variation and vitamin D, cytokines, genetic susceptibility related to sepsis, hereditary angioedema related to trauma and stress.

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“…Thus, justify the fact that the public needs to be aware of the fact of high velocity trauma of today's world is beyond the comprehension of alternative practitioners. 57 …”

Section: Genetic Susceptibility Related To Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Immunology of Sinusitis, Trauma, Asthma, and Sepsis

Frieri¹,

Kumar

Boutin

2015

Allergy�Rhinol (Providence)

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“…The majority of trauma victims end-up being managed at least initially, in the Emergency Department (E.D) of health care facilities. This makes the E.D of any hospital a critical area in terms of assessment of quality of care [20]. The initial management of these patients is often challenging, requiring precise interpretation of symptoms and signs by specialized and experienced personnel, the utilization of high technology imaging modalities for accurate diagnosis, timely and appropriate resuscitation measures, frequent monitoring of response and timely consultation with the appropriate specialty [20].…”

Section: Emergency Departmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sepsis, Inflammation, Trauma and Emergency Medicine

Politi¹,

Frieri²,

Boutin³

2019

Arch Immunol

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Sepsis, a common condition encountered in hospital environments remains an important cause of death at intensive care units and emergency departments. A marked increase in serum procalcitonin as an important biomarker during the course of a septic process often indicates an exacerbation of the illness, and a decreasing level is a sign of improvement. Inflammation is an important area related to sepsis and trauma. A synergistic relationship can develop between the activation of the innate immune system and the loss of organ barrier functions. There are many complex factors such as genetic and physical agents, mediators and effectors involved in the development of organ failure both in trauma. These factors can lead to susceptibility of patients to post-traumatic organ failure. The patient's immune surveillance could fail to eliminate the pathogen, allowing it to spread and there is a pro-inflammatory mediator release with, inappropriate activation.

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“…The initial management of these patients is often challenging, and experienced personnel, the utilization of high technology imaging modalities for accurate diagnosis, timely and appropriate resuscitation measures, frequent monitoring of response and timely consultation with the appropriate specialty is important. The high death rate in this prior study is multifactorial (27). First, is the deficiency of trained man power in trauma management; secondly, the systemic deficiencies such as the lack of a trauma system, pre hospital care and intensive care facilities, are independent contributory factors.…”

Section: Nf-kappa B Inflammation and Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes the E.D of any hospital a critical area in terms of assessment of quality of care (27). The initial management of these patients is often challenging, and experienced personnel, the utilization of high technology imaging modalities for accurate diagnosis, timely and appropriate resuscitation measures, frequent monitoring of response and timely consultation with the appropriate specialty is important.…”

Section: Nf-kappa B Inflammation and Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, is the deficiency of trained man power in trauma management; secondly, the systemic deficiencies such as the lack of a trauma system, pre hospital care and intensive care facilities, are independent contributory factors. The factors responsible for late presentation at the definitive care center are multiple and justify the fact that, the public needs to be aware of the fact high seed and high velocity trauma of today's world is beyond the comprehension of alternative practitioners (27).…”

Section: Nf-kappa B Inflammation and Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biomarkers, Trauma, and Sepsis in Pediatrics: A Review

Frieri¹,

Kumar²,

Boutin³

2016

J Pediatr Rev

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Context: There is a logical connection with biomarkers, trauma, and sepsis. This review paper provides new information and clinical practice implications. Biomarkers are very important especially in pediatrics. Procalcitonin and other biomarkers are helpful in identifying neonatal sepsis, defense mechanisms of the immune system. Pediatric trauma and sepsis is very important both in infants and in children. Stress management both in trauma is based upon the notion that stress causes an immune imbalance in susceptible individuals. Evidence Acquisition: Data sources included studies indexed in PubMed, a meta-analysis, predictive values, research strategies, and quality assessments. A recent paper by one of the authors stated marked increase in serum procalcitonin during the course of a septic process often indicates an exacerbation of the illness, and a decreasing level is a sign of improvement. A review of epidemiologic studies on pediatric soccer patients was also addressed. Keywords for searching included biomarkers, immunity, trauma, and sepsis. Results: Of 50 reviewed articles, 34 eligible articles were selected including biomarkers, predictive values for procalcitonin, identifying children at risk for intra-abdominal injuries, blunt trauma, and epidemiology, a meta-analysis. Of neonatal associated sepsis, the NF-kappa B pathway by inflammatory stimuli in human neutrophils, predictive value of gelsolin for the outcomes of preterm neonates, a metaanalysis interleukin-8 for neonatal sepsis diagnosis. Conclusions: Biomarkers are very important especially in pediatrics. Procalcitonin and other biomarkers are helpful in identifying neonatal sepsis, defense mechanisms, and physiological functions of the immune system. Pediatric trauma and sepsis is very important both in infants and in children. Various topics were covered such as biomarkers, trauma, sepsis, inflammation, innate immunity, role of neutrophils and IL-8, reactive oxygen species, neonatal hypoxia, NF-kappa B related to inflammation. These topics are clearly linked and are very important for pediatricians, pulmonologists, and immunologists in academic centers and in practice.

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Trauma death in a resource constrained setting: Mechanisms and contributory factors, the result of analysing 147 cases

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Review: Immunology of Sinusitis, Trauma, Asthma, and Sepsis

Review: Immunology of Sinusitis, Trauma, Asthma, and Sepsis

Sepsis, Inflammation, Trauma and Emergency Medicine

Biomarkers, Trauma, and Sepsis in Pediatrics: A Review

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