Trauma and Relationship Strain: Oral Histories With World Trade Center Disaster Responders

Hammock, Amy C.; Dreyer, Rebecca E; Riaz, Mishal; Clouston, Sean; McGlone, Ashlee; Luft, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1177/1049732319837534

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In a qualitative study among teachers ( N = 20) during the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, many engaged in various emotional regulation techniques such as self-talk and deep-breathing, and problem-focused coping to give an impression of calm while prioritizing the wellbeing of their students (O’Toole, 2017). These emotional reduction and disengagement mechanisms have received some attention in the first-responders literature (Hammock et al, 2019; Levy-Gigi et al, 2016), but have not been addressed in peritraumatic work.…”

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confidence: 99%

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

2020

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Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during traumatic events, that is, peritraumatic reactions, are key to post-trauma psychopathology development. Qualitative research is required to investigate whether existing quantitative methods capture the range and complexity of peritraumatic reactions as described by survivors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 104 earthquake survivors. Participants reported experiencing various peritraumatic reactions ( M = 21, range = 6–43). The survivors’ accounts confirmed presence and overall phenomenological characteristics of commonly studied peritraumatic reactions such as dissociation, distress, mental defeat, and immobility. In addition, novel and understudied reactions were identified: cognitive overload, hyperfocus, and emotion regulation, as well as positive affect. Finally, a number of cross-cutting phenomena were identified such as the social nature of many reactions and survivors evaluating their reactions as difficult to put into words. These findings have implications for the conceptualization of peritraumatic reactions, for trauma-focused psychotherapeutic interventions, and for the wellbeing of disaster survivors.

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confidence: 99%

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

2020

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“…A total of N = 124 responders underwent an oral history interview and agreed to allow researchers to merge data from the transcript of the oral history with information in their health monitoring records. Hammock et al (2019) provide an extensive summary of data collection methods. Briefly, oral history participants were primarily recruited via word of mouth and by flyers posted in the Stony Brook WTC Wellness Program.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

World Trade Center responders in their own words: predicting PTSD symptom trajectories with AI-based language analyses of interviews

et al. 2021

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Background Oral histories from 9/11 responders to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks provide rich narratives about distress and resilience. Artificial Intelligence (AI) models promise to detect psychopathology in natural language, but they have been evaluated primarily in non-clinical settings using social media. This study sought to test the ability of AI-based language assessments to predict PTSD symptom trajectories among responders. Methods Participants were 124 responders whose health was monitored at the Stony Brook WTC Health and Wellness Program who completed oral history interviews about their initial WTC experiences. PTSD symptom severity was measured longitudinally using the PTSD Checklist (PCL) for up to 7 years post-interview. AI-based indicators were computed for depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and extraversion along with dictionary-based measures of linguistic and interpersonal style. Linear regression and multilevel models estimated associations of AI indicators with concurrent and subsequent PTSD symptom severity (significance adjusted by false discovery rate). Results Cross-sectionally, greater depressive language (β = 0.32; p = 0.049) and first-person singular usage (β = 0.31; p = 0.049) were associated with increased symptom severity. Longitudinally, anxious language predicted future worsening in PCL scores (β = 0.30; p = 0.049), whereas first-person plural usage (β = −0.36; p = 0.014) and longer words usage (β = −0.35; p = 0.014) predicted improvement. Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate the value of AI in understanding PTSD in a vulnerable population. Future studies should extend this application to other trauma exposures and to other demographic groups, especially under-represented minorities.

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Bringing a Uniform Home: a Qualitative Study on Police Officer’s Work-Family Balance Perspective!

Sousa,

Mendes,

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

J Police Crim Psych

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Being a police officer is a very stressful job, characterized by occupational stressors that impact mental health and increasing work-family balance. Quantitative research is unable to clarify how police officers cope with the impact of work challenges on work-family balance. This study aims to understand how police officers narrate the impact of their work on their family experiences. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with Portuguese military police and civilian service forces working in the Northern region of Portugal. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to the principles of thematic analysis. The main themes indicate that participants are concerned about the work-family conflict. Both common and unique police officers’ perceptions of the impact of professional challenges on work-family balance emerged among both groups. Common work-family balance challenges for both civilian and military police officers included a negative impact on family dynamics and the sharing work experiences with family, but also recognized positive impacts of the profession on the family. For military police officers, making decisions regarding career advancement is a specific challenge. This study enables clinicians and other professional groups, such as commanders and politicians, to further develop a deeper understanding of these challenges and their different levels of impact. It also allows for the development of targeted strategies aligned with the unique needs of these professionals.

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Trauma and Relationship Strain: Oral Histories With World Trade Center Disaster Responders

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

World Trade Center responders in their own words: predicting PTSD symptom trajectories with AI-based language analyses of interviews

Bringing a Uniform Home: a Qualitative Study on Police Officer’s Work-Family Balance Perspective!

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