Trauma and latinx sexual- and gender-minority immigrants in the U.S.

Estrada, Fernando; Jones, Isaiah Jay; Rivera, David B.; Ramirez, Amaranta; Cerezo, Alison

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101439

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Given that acculturative stress involves the challenges an immigrant might encounter when adjusting to a new host country (Berry & Kim, 1988), it logically follows that substance use may be a means to cope with acculturative stress. Another finding in the present study was that transgender participants reported significantly lower rates of acculturative stress than cisgender participants, which was surprising considering research that suggests transgender and gender nonconforming immigrants are particularly vulnerable to victimization by acts of bias and hostility (Estrada et al, 2022). A potential factor informing the current acculturative stress scores is the time spent in the United States, with both transgender men and women reporting on average a longer period of time in the states compared to cisgender participants in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…The available literature suggests a closer examination is needed considering that among racially diverse SGM adults, for example, a higher prevalence of substance use is associated with experiences of anti-SGM bias and discrimination not commonly reported by cisgender heterosexual individuals (Green & Feinstein, 2012). Among SGM Latinx persons, higher levels of drug use have been correlated with the experience of stigma related to sexuality and race-ethnicity (Bruce et al, 2008) and with exposure to overt anti-SGM discrimination (Estrada et al, 2022; Slater et al, 2017). Relative to sexual minority Latino men, M.…”

Section: Overlapping Marginalized Identities and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among Latino cisgender men, researchers have observed elevated drug use associated with the stress from navigating and adjusting to a bicultural environment (González-Guarda et al, 2016). Estrada et al (2022) observed Latinx SGM immigrants being exposed to different forms of cultural discrimination and harassment as they searched for employment, housing, and health services. The present study, therefore, examined whether acculturative stress was associated with drug use.…”

Section: Overlapping Marginalized Identities and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug use and risk correlates among Latinx sexual and gender minority immigrants.

Cerezo,

Estrada,

Renteria

et al. 2024

Journal of Latinx Psychology

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Latinx sexual and gender minority (SGM) immigrants face significant hardship in the United States that may impact drug use severity. Yet, data on drug use among this community is severely limited. The present study employed latent profile analysis to identify subgroups of drug use severity across sociodemographic (age, years in the United States, and income), psychosocial stress (intersectional discrimination, acculturative stress), and social support. Recruitment efforts on closed online community groups and immigrant networks yielded a community sample of 195 Latinx SGM immigrants based in the United States. The latent class analysis supported a three-class solution with the highest severity class characterized by low levels of social support and intersectional discrimination but moderate levels of acculturative stress, whereas the lowest severity class reflected low levels of stressors and high social support. Multivariate analysis of variance tests demonstrated significant differences by gender identity and sexual orientation. Notably, transgender participants reported significantly higher rates of substance use and lower rates of social support than cisgender participants. Recommendations for clinical work and future research are provided.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Overlapping Marginalized Identities and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overlapping Marginalized Identities and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug use and risk correlates among Latinx sexual and gender minority immigrants.

Cerezo,

Estrada,

Renteria

et al. 2024

Journal of Latinx Psychology

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“…Moreover, SGM youth who engage in survival sex work often report racial and gender‐based discrimination and economic limitations as a result of racism and sexism (Dank et al, 2015; Gwadz et al, 2009; Rees, 2010). Although the United Nations Human Rights Office has called for legislative protections and further resources to better understand how marginalized communities such as SGM are affected by sexual assault (Estrada et al, 2022), there continues to be paucity of research related to the impact of this form of victimization for Latinx SGM youth.…”

Section: Sexual Harassment Sexual Assault Violence and Latinx Sgm Youthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual harassment, sexual assault, violence, self‐esteem, and the role of LGBTQ‐specific parental support in a sample of Latinx sexual and gender minority youth

Abreu

Skidmore

Badio

et al. 2023

Journal of Adolescence

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IntroductionOftentimes as result of racism, cissexism, and heterosexism, many Latinx and sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth are victims of sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence. These experiences of victimization are in part related to increased negative mental health outcomes such as decreased self‐esteem. Some research links LGBTQ‐specific parental support to mental health outcomes among Latinx SGM youth, yet, no research has explored the role of LGBTQ‐specific parental support with self‐esteem among Latinx SGM youth.MethodsIn a sample of 1,012 Latinx SGM youth (ages 13–17), we assessed: (a) associations between sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence and self‐esteem, (b) association between LGBTQ‐specific parental support and self‐esteem, and (c) whether LGBTQ‐specific parental support moderated the relation between sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence and self‐esteem. Main effect and moderation analyses examined interactions between LGBTQ‐specific parental support with sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence on self‐esteem.ResultsLatinx SGM youth experienced low levels of LGBTQ‐specific parental support and various degrees of sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence. Also, transgender and nonbinary/genderqueer Latinx youth experienced lower self‐esteem than their Latinx cisgender counterparts. Increased LGBTQ‐specific parental support was related to increased self‐esteem. We also identified a significant interaction between sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence and LGBTQ‐specific parental support, such that parental support was more protective at low levels rather than high levels of sexual harassment, sexual assault, and violence among Latinx SGM youth.ConclusionsFindings add to a growing body of research about the importance of LGBTQ‐specific parental support for Latinx SGM youth, and the need to examine culturally appropriate approaches to understand parent‐child relationship among these communities.

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“…Recent immigrants report adverse childhood experiences, sexual assaults, chronic mental and medical illness, postpartum depression, domestic violence, and substance abuse [21,22]. They often report significant trauma histories from war, drug cartel violence, chronic poverty, discrimination, and immigration enforcement [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Research into adverse childhood experiences and racial trauma highlights that Latine/x immigrant populations are at increased risk for mental health and substance use difficulties, with more barriers to healthcare access than their non-Latine/x white American counterparts [21,30,31,32].…”

Section: Latine/x Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Impact of Limited English Language Proficiency on Mental Health Services for Spanish Speakers in the United States

M. Roller,

Snow,

Grapa

et al. 2023

JNHMA

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The United States Latine/x population is now over 62 million and comprises nearly 19% of the population [1]. Over 42 million speak Spanish and comprise the second-largest language group in the United States [2]. As the largest non- English language group, Spanish speakers pose the greatest need for language-concordant mental health services. Providing language-concordant and culturally responsive services is critical to ensure meaningful access and improve treatment outcomes [3]. The current authors use the pan-ethnic terms Latine or Latinx as encompassing the terms Hispanic (derived from Spain plus the entire Spanish colonized empire), Latino/a (gendered, for those with ties to Latin America specifically), and Chicano/a (a racist slur reclaimed as a symbol of pride for Mexican Americans specifically) [4]. Latine/x includes widely varied acculturation, language, and immigration statuses, all of which impact an individual’s ability and willingness to enter the United States mental health system and seek services [5,6]. Indigenous individuals from Latin America likely do not align with this term, and may or may not speak Spanish, however, are likely placed in the above monolithic categories in the databases referenced herein.

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Trauma and latinx sexual- and gender-minority immigrants in the U.S.

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Drug use and risk correlates among Latinx sexual and gender minority immigrants.

Drug use and risk correlates among Latinx sexual and gender minority immigrants.

Sexual harassment, sexual assault, violence, self‐esteem, and the role of LGBTQ‐specific parental support in a sample of Latinx sexual and gender minority youth

Estimating the Impact of Limited English Language Proficiency on Mental Health Services for Spanish Speakers in the United States

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