“…When working on the microscale, processing times are much shorter, only small quantities of samples and reagents are required, higher resolution and sensitivity are obtained, high level of integration, portability, and automation are achieved, and costs are lowered [4,6]. Microfluidic devices have made an impact in many fields including food and water safety [7][8][9], clinical analysis [10][11][12], medical diagnostics [12,13], DNA [14][15][16][17] and protein manipulation [15,18,19], and environmental monitoring [20][21][22][23].…”