Transverse permeability of dry fiber preforms manufactured by automated fiber placement

Aziz, Alia Ruzanna; Ali, Muhammad A.; Zeng, Xuesen; Umer, Rehan; Schubel, Peter; Cantwell, Wesley

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.09.011

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In comparison, the presence of gaps in perpendicularly orientated 45°‐layers only leads to small gap overlap areas. Recent research of Aziz et al concentrated on the simulative modeling of permeability of DFP preforms with gaps. Their basic assumption is that flow velocity within channels resulting from the inserted gaps is significantly higher than flow velocity within the surrounding dense fiber structure and thus flow is only calculated within these gaps.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of stitching on permeability and mechanical properties of preforms manufactured by dry fiber placement

2018

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Dry fiber placement (DFP) is a technology that enables outstandingly high mechanical performance of composite parts, as preform structures with load‐related fiber orientations can be created with minimum of fiber crimp and undulation. Yet, the poor impregnation behavior of DFP preforms during liquid composite molding processing methods remains a main challenge. Encouraging an out‐of‐plane impregnation, for example, by using a vacuum assisted or compression resin transfer molding process, reduces the flow length within the preform and is a first step towards reducing cycle times. However, further improvements are required in order to apply DFP preforming methods in serial production. In a previous work, the influence of various process parameters as well as post‐treatment steps on out‐of‐plane permeability have been investigated with the conclusion, that tufting/stitching led to the highest increase in out‐of‐plane permeability (more than two decades). For further understanding, this study deals with the influence of a stitching step on the out‐of‐plane permeability of DFP preforms as well as the mechanical properties of the finished laminate depending on a variety of stitching parameters such as thread tension during stitching, denier of the used thread, stitch distance, seam distance, seam displacement, and treated DFP layup. It is shown that the biggest impact on out‐of‐plane permeability results from the achieved stitching density (as a product of stitch distance and seam distance) and denier while thread tension and seam displacement show negligible effects. For the mechanical properties, it can be stated that the presence of stitching channels in thickness directions leads to a minor decrease of tensile properties while bending properties are more significantly reduced by about 30%. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1631–1642, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Theoretical Background and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of stitching on permeability and mechanical properties of preforms manufactured by dry fiber placement

2018

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“…It combines the advantages of filament winding and automated tape laying to overcome their limitations and exploit their benefits, and is one of the fastest-growing and most effective fully automated manufacturing technologies for composite materials in recent years [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. AFP technology can be used not only for producing thermosetting or thermoplastic composites but also for dry fiber placement [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. An AFP machine usually consists of a placement head and functional mechanical structure (a robotic arm or gantry structure).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect Characteristics and Online Detection Techniques During Manufacturing of FRPs Using Automated Fiber Placement: A Review

Sun

Han

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Automated fiber placement (AFP) is an advanced manufacturing method for composites, which is especially suitable for large-scale composite components. However, some manufacturing defects inevitably appear in the AFP process, which can affect the mechanical properties of composites. This work aims to investigate the recent works on manufacturing defects and their online detection techniques during the AFP process. The main content focuses on the position defect in conventional and variable stiffness laminates, the relationship between the defects and the mechanical properties, defect control methods, the modeling method for a void defect, and online detection techniques. Following that, the contributions and limitations of the current studies are discussed. Finally, the prospects of future research concerning theoretical and practical engineering applications are pointed out.

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“…Moreover, this technology manufactures the products at low cost, high fiber volume, and high performance. Accordingly, it has been developed rapidly and widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and so on …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization method to reduce three‐dimensional thermal gradients in resin transfer molding

Yang

Liu

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Presently, the mold and resin are heated to promote resin flow and shorten curing period in order to improve manufacturing efficiency of resin transfer molding (RTM). This nonisothermal manufacturing process easily generates three-dimensional thermal gradients in the direction of resin flow and thickness of composite part. However, the existing heating systems only consider the thermal gradients along thickness direction. The thermal gradients in direction of resin flow cannot be reduced which will lead to residual stress even deformation and cracking in composite part. This article aims at reducing the three-dimensional thermal gradients in the direction of resin flow and thickness of composite part. Based on the theory of energy and fluid flow, an optimization method of heating system design by using numerical simulation is proposed. The results show this method reduces the three-dimensional thermal gradients effectively in composite part manufactured by RTM process. This study can provide powerful tools for heating system design to manufacture composites products in polymer industry.

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Transverse permeability of dry fiber preforms manufactured by automated fiber placement

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of stitching on permeability and mechanical properties of preforms manufactured by dry fiber placement

Impact of stitching on permeability and mechanical properties of preforms manufactured by dry fiber placement

Defect Characteristics and Online Detection Techniques During Manufacturing of FRPs Using Automated Fiber Placement: A Review

Optimization method to reduce three‐dimensional thermal gradients in resin transfer molding

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