Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in collisions at

Bocquet, G.; Norton, A.; Wang, H.Q.; Karimäki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Pimiä, M.; Tuominiemi, J.; Albajar, C.; Revol, J.-P.; Sphicas, P.; Sumorok, K.; Tan, C.H.; Tether, S.; Buschbeck, B.; Dibon, H.; Lipa, P.; Markytan, M.; Neumeister, N.

doi:10.1016/0370-2693(95)01435-7

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4.1 that the charged particle multiplicity per participant (both at midrapidity and integrated over all solid angle) is larger in A+A than in p+p at the same energy. At √ s values of 200 GeV and above, it is known that the p T spectra in p+p events with higher than average total multiplicity fall off less steeply than those for minimum bias events [163,164,165]. It should be stressed that we do not claim that an alternative p+p reference spectra is in any way inherently more appropriate.…”

Section: Comparison Of Au+au and Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…It should be noted that, although the relative yield at low and high p T changes with multiplicity in p+p collisions, there is evidence that the change in shape is relatively small above p T ∼2 GeV/c [165]. In addition, the question of what p+p reference spectrum to use does not affect modification factors such as R Npart P C which directly compare A+A at different centralities.…”

Section: Comparison Of Au+au and Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC

et al. 2005

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This paper describes the conclusions that can be drawn from the data taken thus far with the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. In the most central Au+Au collisions at the highest beam energy, evidence is found for the formation of a very high energy density system whose description in terms of simple hadronic degrees of freedom is inappropriate. Furthermore, the constituents of this novel system are found to undergo a significant level of interaction. The properties of particle production at RHIC energies are shown to follow a number of simple scaling behaviors, some of which continue trends found at lower energies or in simpler systems. As a function of centrality, the total number of charged particles scales with the number of participating nucleons. When comparing Au+Au at different centralities, the dependence of the yield on the number of participants at higher p T (∼4 GeV/c) is very similar to that at low transverse momentum. The measured values of charged particle pseudorapidity density and elliptic flow were found to be independent of energy over a broad range of pseudorapidities when effectively viewed in the rest frame of one of the colliding nuclei, a property we describe as "extended longitudinal scaling". Finally, the centrality and energy dependences of several observables were found to factorize to a surprising degree.

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Section: Comparison Of Au+au and Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Comparison Of Au+au and Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC

et al. 2005

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“…Comparison with the AFS [25], UA1 [7], UA1 MIMI [8], and CDF [9] data is made, and the difference between the computed and measured spectra is quantified in terms of a factor K = dσ exp /dσ th LO . We have extracted the K-factors and their √ s-dependence from the highest transverse momenta of the measured spectra.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perturbative QCD analysis of charged-particle distributions in hadronic and nuclear collisions

Eskola

Honkanen

2003

Nuclear Physics A

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We compute the distributions of charged particles at large transverse momenta in pp(p), pA and AA collisions in the framework of perturbative QCD, by using collinear factorization and the modern PDFs and fragmentation functions. At the highest cmsenergies the shape of the spectra measured in pp(p) collisions at large q T can be well explained. The difference between the data and the lowest-order computation is quantified in terms of a constant K-factor for each energy. The K-factor is found to systematically decrease with growing √ s. Also a lower limit for the partonic transverse momentum, p 0 , is extracted for each √ s based on the comparison with the measurements. A systematic increase of p 0 as a function of √ s is found. Nuclear effects in the charged-particle spectra in pA and AA collisions at RHIC and LHC are studied in the framework of collinear factorization by applying the EKS98 nuclear corrections to the parton distributions. The nuclear effects are shown to mostly enhance the computed spectra. A comparison with the recent PHENIX data from central and peripheral Au+Au collisions at RHIC is done.

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“…Unfortunately, we are not aware of useful identified hard meson production data from pp or pp reactions at energies above √ s ≈ 60 GeV; we have total hadron production data in the form of (h + + h − )/2 from CERN UA1 [13][14][15] and the Tevatron CDF [16]. Since the production of hadrons other than kaons and pions (in particular protons and antiprotons) increases with energy, the accuracy of the extraction of k 2 T decreases with increasing energy.…”

Section: Extension To Rhic Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher energies are less thoroughly explored, with mostly calorimetric data on total hadron production (in lieu of the identified pion and kaon spectra at lower energies). In the present paper, we use CERN UA1 [13][14][15] and Tevatron CDF [16] data from pp → h ± reactions to bracket the RHIC energy range from above. The presence of nuclear effects modifies the predictions of the pQCD-improved parton model for hard particle production in pA collisions, as indicated by available pA hadron production data [6,7,11,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-pTpion and kaon production in relativistic nuclear collisions

et al. 2002

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High-pT pion and kaon production is studied in relativistic proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions in a wide energy range. Cross sections are calculated based on perturbative QCD, augmented by a phenomenological transverse momentum distribution of partons ("intrinsic kT "). An energy dependent width of the transverse momentum distribution is extracted from pion and charged hadron production data in proton-proton/proton-antiproton collisions. Effects of multiscattering and shadowing in the strongly interacting medium are taken into account. Enhancement of the transverse momentum width is introduced and parameterized to explain the Cronin effect. In collisions between heavy nuclei, the model over-predicts central pion production cross sections (more significantly at higher energies), hinting at the presence of jet quenching. Predictions are made for proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC energies.

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Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in collisions at

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC

The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC

A perturbative QCD analysis of charged-particle distributions in hadronic and nuclear collisions

High-pTpion and kaon production in relativistic nuclear collisions

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