Transverse Mode Switching and Locking in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Subject to Orthogonal Optical Injection

Valle, A.; Gatare, Ignace; Panajotov, Krassimir; Sciamanna, Marc

doi:10.1109/jqe.2007.893004

Cited by 54 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In Figure 3, the mapping of the VCSEL subject to optical injection is extended towards large positive detuning up to 180 GHz [56]. When the injection strength is increased, different PS scenarios are resolved depending on the frequency detuning.…”

Section: Nonlinear Polarization and Transverse Mode Dynamics In Vcselmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Panajotov

Sciamanna

Gatare

et al. 2011

Advances in Optical Technologies

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Nonlinear dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) induced by optical injection, optical feedback, current modulation and mutual coupling is reviewed. Due to the surface emission and cylindrical symmetry VCSELs lack strong polarization anisotropy and may undergo polarization switching. Furthermore, VCSELs may emit light in multiple transverse modes. These VCSEL properties provide new features to the rich nonlinear dynamics induced by an external perturbation. We demonstrate for the case of orthogonal optical injection that new Hopf bifurcation on a two-polarization-mode solution delimits the injection locking region and that polarization switching and injection locking of first-order transverse mode lead to a new resonance tongue for large positive detunings. Similarly, the underlying polarization mode competition leads to chaoticlike behavior in case of gain switching and the presence of two transverse modes additionally reduces the possibility of regular dynamics. The bistable property of VCSEL makes it possible to investigate very fundamental problems of bistable systems with time-delay, such as the coherence resonance phenomenon. We also demonstrate that the synchronization quality between unidirectionally coupled VCSELs can be significantly enhanced when the feedback-induced chaos in the master laser involves both orthogonal LP fundamental transverse modes.

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Section: Nonlinear Polarization and Transverse Mode Dynamics In Vcselmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SFM equations [6,7], extended to the case of optical injection are given in [7,[57][58][59] for a singletransverse-mode VCSEL and in [56] for a multitransversemode VCSEL. For completeness, we list the SFM equations for the case of OI in a single-transverse mode VCSEL, namely,…”

Section: Nonlinear Polarization and Transverse Mode Dynamics In Vcselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Panajotov

Sciamanna

Gatare

et al. 2011

Advances in Optical Technologies

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“…Details on the performed experiments have been given in several of our recent journal papers [68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. An oxideconfined quantum well VCSEL emitting around 845 nm is used as a slave laser.…”

Section: Light Polarization Specifities Of Nonlinear Dynamics In Vcsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injection locking accompanies the PS in the negative frequency detuning side, while for positive detunings PS is typically accompanied by a period doubling route to chaos and a transition to time-periodic unlocked dynamics. For a large positive frequency detunings, strong competition can occur between transverse modes which may lead to injection locking of a first order transverse mode with suppression of the VCSEL fundamental transverse mode [74]. Figure 8 shows a typical bifurcation mapping which we obtained theoretically from the analysis of a set of equations based on the spin-flip approach and not taking into account transverse mode competition [70][71][72].…”

Section: Light Polarization Specifities Of Nonlinear Dynamics In Vcsementioning

confidence: 99%

Light polarization fingerprints on nonlinear dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Panajotov¹,

Sciamanna

Gatare³

et al. 2008

Opto-Electronics Review

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In this paper we summarize the recent results on nonlinear dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) which are bearing the fingerprints of the particular polarization properties of VCSELs. Due to the surface emission and cylindrical symmetry, VCSELs lack strong polarization anisotropy and may undergo polarization switching and polarization mode-hopping. This provides new specificities to the rich nonlinear dynamics induced in VCSELs by an external perturbation. We unveil both experimentally and theoretically these new specificities for the case of optical feedback, optical injection, and unidirectional synchronization between VCSELs.

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“…Detailed experimental investigation of the transverse mode behavior is also carried out [7]. We find that the injection power necessary to obtain PS is minimum at two different values of the frequency detuning: the first one corresponds to the frequency splitting between the two linearly polarized fundamental transverse modes, and the second one appears at a larger positive frequency detuning, close to the frequency difference between the first-order and the fundamental transverse modes of the solitary VCSEL.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Polarization dynamics in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers subject to optical injection or current modulation

Panajotov¹,

Gatare²,

Nizette³

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE/LEOS Winter Topicals Meeting Series

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We present our recent experimental and theoretical results on polarization nonlinear dynamics in Vertical-Cavity Surface -Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) for the cases of optical injection and current modulation. In the first part of this work, we investigate the case of orthogonal optical injection, i.e. the injected field has a linear polarization (LP) orthogonal to that of the free-running VCSEL. The experiments are carried out on oxide-confined AlGaAs-GaAs quantum well VCSELs for a large frequency detuning range: from -82 to 180 GHz [1]. As the injection strength increases the VCSEL switches to the master laser polarization. Such polarization switching (PS) is observed either accompanied or not by injection locking and often by a rich nonlinear dynamics, including limit cycles, wave mixing, subharmonic resonance and possibly a period doubling route to chaos [1,2]. Theoretically, we unveil the bifurcations underlying polarization switching and injection locking based on two models of VCSELs: the spin-flip model (SFM) [3] and a phenomenological two-mode rate equation model [4]. For the last case a considerable simplification of the model is possible [5], which allows the continuation of the more complicated bifurcation curves by using the continuation package AUTO [6] and clarifies in such a way the corresponding more complicated dynamics predicted by the SFM model. In Fig.1 the bifurcations are continued in the 2D plane given by the injection strength κ and the frequency detuning Δν. The branching FIG. 1: Mapping of the bifurcation lines in the plane of the injection strength κ vs. frequency detuning Δν. The saddlenode bifurcation on the x-LP injection-locked solution are plotted in black and denoted as SNx. The Hopf bifurcation on the same single mode (x-LP) solution are plotted in blue and labeled H1x. The Hopf bifurcation on the two-mode solution are plotted in blue and red and labeled H1xy and H2 xy. Branching solutions are plotted in green and denoted as Br. The numerically calculated values of the injection strength necessary to observe PS are plotted as black triangles.(Br) between a two-mode and a single-mode solution is responsible for the continuous PS and shutting down of the y-LP mode, as indicated by the fact that the uppermost triangle marking PS lies exactly along 138 TuB2.3 (Invited) 11:30 -12:00 978-1-4244-2611-9/09/$25.00 IEEE

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Transverse Mode Switching and Locking in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Subject to Orthogonal Optical Injection

Cited by 54 publications

References 40 publications

Nonlinear Dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Nonlinear Dynamics of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Light polarization fingerprints on nonlinear dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Polarization dynamics in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers subject to optical injection or current modulation

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