Transverse Energy Production in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pb</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>208</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>+ Pb Collisions at 158 GeV per Nucleon

Alber, T.; Appelshäuser, H.; Bächler, J.; Bartke, J.; Białkowska, H.; Bieser, F.; Bloomer, M. A.; Blyth, C. O.; Bock, R.; Bormann, C.; Brady, F.P.; Brockmann, R.; Bunčić, P.; Caines, H.; Cebra, D.; Chan, P.; Cooper, G. E.; Cramer, J. G.; Cramer, P. B.; Csató, P.; Derado, I.; Dunn, J.; Eckardt, V.; Eckhardt, F.; Euler, S.; Ferguson, M. I.; Fischer, H. G.; Fodor, Z.; Foka, P.; Freund, P.; Fuchs, Markus; Gál, János; Gaadzicki, M.; Gładysz, E.; Grebieszkow, J.; G̈nther, J.; Harris, James W.; Heck, W.; Hegyi, S.; Hill, L. A.; Huang, I.; Howe, M. A.; Igo, G.; Irmscher, D.; Jacobs, P.; Jones, P. G.; Kadija, K.; Kecskeméti, J.; Kowalski, M.; K̈hmichel, A.; Lasiuk, B.; Margetis, S.; Mitchell, J. W.; Mock, A.; Nelson, J. M.; Odyniec, G.; Pálinkás, J.; Pálla, G.; Panagiotou, A.; Petridis, Athanasios; Piper, Anne Marie; Poskanzer, A. M.; Prindle, D.; P̈hlhofer, F.; Rauch, W.; Renfordt, R.; Retyk, W.; Ritter, H.G.; Röhrich, D.; Rudolph, H.; Runge, K.; Sandoval, A.; Sann, H.; Schäfer, Erich; Schmitz, N.; Schönfelder, Stefan; Seyboth, P.; Seyerlein, J.; Siklér, F.; Skrzpczak, E.; Stock, R.; Ströbele, H.; Szentpétery, I.; Sziklai, J.; Toy, M.; Trainor, T. A.; Trentalange, S.; Vassiliou, M.; Vesztergombi, G.; Vranić, D.; Wenig, S.; Whitten, C.; Wienold, T.; Wood, L.; Zimányi, J.; Zhu, X.; Zybert, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.3814

Cited by 137 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the case of the collisions of equal heavy ions (P b−P b in our case) at zero impact parameter, about 6% of nucleons from every nucleus do not interact inelastically at energy √ s N N = 18 GeV. More accurate, we obtain on the average 11.8 non-interacting nucleons at this energy, that is in agreement with the value 13±2 nucleons [9], based on the VENUS 4.12 [10] model prediction.…”

Section: Distributions On the Number Of Interacting Nucleons For Diffsupporting

confidence: 88%

Impact-parameter dependences of the number of interacting nucleons and mean multiplicities in heavy-ion collisions

Pajares

Shabelski

2000

Phys. Atom. Nuclei

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We consider the dependences of the average number of interacting nucleons in high energy heavy ion collisions on the impact parameter in two cases, when the colliding nuclei have equal atomic weights, and when one nucleus is significantly more heavy in comparison with the second one. We argue that in the case of trigger of some rare event (say, J/ψ, or Υ production) the multiplicity of the secondaries can change several times for minimum bias sample, but it should be stable in the case of central events.

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Section: Distributions On the Number Of Interacting Nucleons For Diffsupporting

confidence: 88%

Impact-parameter dependences of the number of interacting nucleons and mean multiplicities in heavy-ion collisions

Pajares

Shabelski

2000

Phys. Atom. Nuclei

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“…AMPT [68] is a Monte Carlo event generator that builds on HIJING [46], adding explicit interactions between initial minijet partons and final-state hadronic interactions. HYDJET [19,23,25,26,29,64,67]. The band shows the extrapolation from lower energies with the width representing the uncertainty on the fit [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of transverse energy at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76TeV

Adam¹,

Adamová²,

Aggarwal³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. C

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We report the transverse energy (E T ) measured with ALICE at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality. The transverse energy was measured using identified single-particle tracks. The measurement was cross checked using the electromagnetic calorimeters and the transverse momentum distributions of identified particles previously reported by ALICE. The results are compared to theoretical models as well as to results from other experiments. The mean E T per unit pseudorapidity (η), dE T /dη , in 0%-5% central collisions is 1737 ± 6(stat.) ± 97(sys.) GeV. We find a similar centrality dependence of the shape of dE T /dη as a function of the number of participating nucleons to that seen at lower energies. The growth in dE T /dη at the LHC energies exceeds extrapolations of low-energy data. We observe a nearly linear scaling of dE T /dη with the number of quark participants. With the canonical assumption of a 1 fm/c formation time, we estimate that the energy density in 0%-5% central Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV is 12.3 ± 1.0 GeV/fm 3 and that the energy density at the most central 80 fm 2 of the collision is at least 21.5 ± 1.7 GeV/fm 3 . This is roughly 2.3 times that observed in 0%-5% central Au-Au collisions at √ s NN = 200 GeV.

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“…where dE T /dy = 405 GeV [29] is the measured transverse energy in the most central P b+ P b events. Since this simple formula does not account for the work performed by expansion, cf.…”

Section: Initial Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective dynamics in highly relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Dumitru

Rischke

1999

Phys. Rev. C

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Hydrodynamics with cylindrical symmetry in transverse direction and longitudinal scaling flow is employed to calculate the transverse momentum spectra of various hadrons and clusters (e.g. pi, K, N, Phi, Lambda, d, He) in central heavy-ion collisions at CERN-SPS and BNL-RHIC energies up to pT=4 GeV. We discuss the sensitivity of these spectra with respect to the initial transverse density profile as well as to the choice of ``freeze-out'' hypersurface. For SPS energy and pT<2 GeV, overall good agreement of the pT distributions with data is found when freeze-out occurs along the T=130 MeV isotherm. Even high-pT neutral pion data can be described for a particular choice of the initial transverse density profile. It is shown that the average transverse velocity of heavy hadrons and hadronic clusters is a good measure for the collective flow velocity. The latter is found to be rather similar for SPS and RHIC energies, due to the ``stall'' of the flow within the long-lived mixed phase at RHIC. In case of thermalization and hydrodynamical expansion, the mean transverse momentum increases linearly with the hadron mass. In contrast, the string model FRITIOF7.02, which does not account for rescattering of secondary hadrons, predicts a strong dependence of on the quark composition of the hadron. Due to the different sensitivity to hard processes, hadrons with charm (anti-)quarks acquire significantly more transverse momentum than hadrons without c (or even without s) quarks.Comment: 30 pages, REVTEX, 8 eps-figures, results unchanged, however, major revision of parts of the manuscript and some of the figure

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Transverse Energy Production inPb208+ Pb Collisions at 158 GeV per Nucleon

Cited by 137 publications

References 4 publications

Impact-parameter dependences of the number of interacting nucleons and mean multiplicities in heavy-ion collisions

Impact-parameter dependences of the number of interacting nucleons and mean multiplicities in heavy-ion collisions

Measurement of transverse energy at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76TeV

Collective dynamics in highly relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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