Transvascular Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Cardiac tumors may be primary (benign or malignant) or metastatic (malignant). They can cause inflow-outflow tract obstruction, thromboembolism, arrhythmias, or pericardial disorders. Case Report: A 30 year old male presented with cough and dyspnea of one month duration. Routine echocardiography revealed a large tumor mass filling the entire right atrium. Computed tomography delineated tumor arising from the left lobe of the liver and entering through the inferior vena cava (IVC) to right atrium. Ultrasound guided biopsy demonstrated hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient initially improved with oral sorafenib (receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and then succumbed to his primary illness after six months. Conclusion: We report here transvascular growth of hepatocellular carcinoma through IVC to right atrium, a rare phenomenon.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Atrial Extension: A Case Report

“…A study by Jun CH et al [13] identified some risk factors for RA extension in a cohort of 665 patients diagnosed with HCC (33 with RA invasion), namely a modified TNM staging classification ≥IVa, hepatic vein invasion, concomitant PV and IVC invasion, and multinodular HCC. The initial investigation of choice to detect cardiac metastasis is twodimensional transthoracic echocardiography, as it is noninvasive and both pericardial involvement and intra-cavitary lesions can be detected with high sensitivity [14].…”