Transvaal Supergroup carbonates: Implications for Paleoproterozoic δ18O and δ13C records

Frauenstein, Frank; Veizer, Ján; Beukes, Nicolas J.; Niekerk, H.S. Van; Coetzee, Louis L.

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2009.09.005

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…However, the total dataset from the Tongwane Formation is small (n = 6) and has not currently been discussed with respect to its depositional environment, and diagenetic and metamorphic history. These factors are important as stable carbon isotope trends also monitor δ 13 C change over space within a basin, as well as temporal change (Frauenstein et al, 2009) and can be reset during diagenesis and contact metamorphism (Valley, 1986). Further, caution must be applied in interpreting a global, secular trend as δ 13 C carb trends can reflect localized, basin specific, processes (Frauenstein et al, 2009 (Veizer et al, 1992;Shields and Veizer, 2002;Prokoph et al, 2008;Fischer et al, 2009), although these values are marginally higher in lagoonal and pertidal facies (Eroglu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Positive Carbon Isotope Excursions and Oxygen Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum burial conditions for the underlying iron formations are estimated to have been ∼1.2 kbar, i.e. ∼4.4 km, (Miyano and Klein, 1983;Miyano and Beukes, 1997) and ∼ 3.2 to ∼6.4 km for the overlying Duitschland Formation (Frauenstein et al, 2009). It is therefore conservatively estimated that the maximum burial of the Tongwane Formation was between ∼3.0 and ∼6.5 km.…”

Section: Stage 1: Burial and Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbonates in the upper Koegas Subgroup and lower Duitschland Formation possess similar negative values of ∼0 to −3 ‰ VPDB (Bekker et al, 2001;Frauenstein et al, 2009); only the upper Duitschland formation records a definitive +10 ‰ VPDB carbon stable isotope excursion (Buick et al, 1998;Bekker et al, 2001;Frauenstein et al, 2009;Guo et al, 2009). …”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Disappearance of the MIF-S signal, and its replacement with a dominant mass-dependent fractionation signal, indicates a rise in ozone, atmospheric oxygen, and marine sulfate concentrations (Farquhar et al, 2000(Farquhar et al, , 2007. Additionally, in the upper Duitschland Formation, shallow-water dolomites record a prominent positive carbon stable isotope excursion of up to +10 ‰ VPDB (Buick et al, 1998;Bekker et al, 2001;Frauenstein et al, 2009;Guo et al, 2009), which may indicate oxygen accumulation due to rapid burial of organic carbon in another part of the basin (Des Marais et al, 1992). Understanding what happened in this interval, between the first 'whiffs' of photosynthetic oxygen production in the Neoarchean and the disappearance of the MIF-S signal in the Paleoproterozoic, is of vital importance for understanding the timing of the GOE Lyons et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing models of pre-GOE environmental oxidation: A Paleoproterozoic marine signal in platform dolomites of the Tongwane Formation (South Africa)

Warke

Schröder

Strauß

2018

Precambrian Research

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A B S T R A C TCarbonate facies of the upper Tongwane Formation preserve a largely overlooked record of pre-GOE Paleoproterozoic seawater. This inventory has survived despite a complex paragenetic history involving both diagenetic and contact metamorphic processes. BIF mineral assemblages are dominated by a medium-grade grunerite overprint and the formation of prograde and retrograde riebeckite. The massive dolomite member, a platform top carbonate which caps the succession, is characterized by marine REY SN patterns lacking significant negative Ce SN anomalies (< 10%) and δ 13 C carb values of between +1.83 and +2.95 ‰ VPDB that are slightly elevated above Paleoproterozoic 'normal marine' values. Systematically decreasing δ 13C carb values measured in monotonously recrystallized, talc bearing, slope carbonates reflect interaction with devolatilization fluids during contact metamorphism caused by the intrusion of the Bushveld Igneous Complex; slope carbonates offer no insight into marine paleoredox conditions. Thus, despite contact metamorphism, Paleoproterozoic marine signals are retained in platform-top dolomites, however they do not support claims for widespread oxygen accumulation in shallow depositional environments of the Transvaal Basin on the eve of the GOE.

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Section: Positive Carbon Isotope Excursions and Oxygen Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage 1: Burial and Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Testing models of pre-GOE environmental oxidation: A Paleoproterozoic marine signal in platform dolomites of the Tongwane Formation (South Africa)

Warke

Schröder

Strauß

2018

Precambrian Research

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“…2) (e.g., Altermann and Siegfried 1997;Eriksson et al 2001Eriksson et al , 2005Eriksson et al , 2006. The latter deposits include a thin glacigenic diamictite (Bekker et al, 2001;Frauenstein et al, 2009). .…”

Section: Pretoria Group Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study of microbial mat-related features in coastal epeiric sandstones from the Paleoproterozoic Pretoria Group (Transvaal Supergroup, Kaapvaal craton, South Africa); The effect of preservation (reflecting sequence stratigraphic models) on the relationship between mat features and inferred paleoenvironment

Eriksson¹,

Bartman²,

Catuneanu³

et al. 2012

Sedimentary Geology

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The Magaliesberg Formation sandstones within the upper part of the Pretoria Group are interpreted as a second-order highstand systems tract within an overall clastic epeiric marine setting, where episodic braided fluvial systems fed sediment directly into a tidally dominated coastline setting. Mat-related features are abundantly preserved within the inferred tidal flat and supratidal deposits. The Daspoort Formation sandstones at a lower stratigraphic level are ascribed to a closely analogous palaeoenvironmental setting, yet have hardly any preserved mat features at all; they are ascribed to a second-order transgressive systems tract in a sequence stratigraphic framework. During highstand the depositional systems are inferred to have aggraded, thus preserving the mat-related features formed in Magaliesberg intertidal-supratidal environments. During second-order transgression, the formation of the wave/tidal ravinement surface in the 2 subtidal/intertidal environments largely obliterated the features of the Daspoort intertidal and supratidal environments, leading to a paucity of mat-related structures in the preserved Daspoort succession. This case study thus supports the application of mat-related features to integrated palaeoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphic analysis, while emphasizing the role of preservation.

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Lomagundi Carbon Isotope Excursion

Bekker

2022

Encyclopedia of Astrobiology

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Transvaal Supergroup carbonates: Implications for Paleoproterozoic δ18O and δ13C records

Cited by 51 publications

References 78 publications

Testing models of pre-GOE environmental oxidation: A Paleoproterozoic marine signal in platform dolomites of the Tongwane Formation (South Africa)

Testing models of pre-GOE environmental oxidation: A Paleoproterozoic marine signal in platform dolomites of the Tongwane Formation (South Africa)

Lomagundi Carbon Isotope Excursion

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