Transposable Elements in Wheat and Triticale Sphaerococcum Mutant Forms

Abstract

Sphaerococcum mutant forms obtained after EMS treatment in T.aestivum (AABBDD) and6x-Triticale (AABBRR/2D) were studied at genetical, cytogenetical and molecular level. The initial genetic grouping was based on the existence of two types of sphaerococcum mutation; stable and unstable. Transposable elements like AciDs from wheat and Triticale are described in both Sphaerococcum mutant forms. Cytogeneticaly detectable chromosomal rearrangements including the main briges were established only in unstable mutant forms. Southern hybridization analysis of the unstable mutant forms, 49L sph and 49L aest indicated the presence of AciDs-/ike transposable elements in their genomes. The stable mutant form MT47 sph possesses Ds-like transposable element. Ac was present in the genome of mutant forms of 613, 6512, 491202/S1, S.r2x 613 and the control form ofT. aestivum (S.ranozreika 2). These observations provide a basis for the isolation and molecular characterization of the sphaerococcum locus in wheat and Triticale.

Genomic diversity of Ac-like transposable elements in sphaerococcum mutant forms of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (X Triticosecale Witt.)

“…The existence of DNA sequences homologous to the maize Acelement in sphaerococcum mutants of the hexaploid common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (X Triticosecale Witt.) has been later confirmed (Georgiev et al 2000). Up to now, however, information about their genomic distribution and activity is still lacking.…”

“…Based on this feature, several approaches (e.g. database homology searches, Southern hybridisation and polymerase chain reaction [PCR] amplification) have been applied for their detection in cereal genomes (Chernyshev et al 1989;Georgiev et al 2000;Zale and Steber 2002;De Keukeleire et al 2004;Altinkut et al 2006aAltinkut et al , 2006b. Beside these reports, there are no data available regarding the structural and functional dynamics of these elements in mutant wheat genomes, as the majority of studies in this area have been performed in natural plant populations.…”

The Gluten—A Big Natural Biopolymer Genetic Determination and Function

“…The genetic variation of the storage proteins in the structural mutant forms of T.durum, T.aestivum together with their control forms, which were obtained by Georgiev (20,21) after treatment with EMS, has been studied (13,14,15). In this mutant forms Georgiev et al (22) established the presence of the controlling elements like Ac/Ds.…”