Transporters knowledge toward preslaughter logistic chain and occupational risks in Mexico: An integrative view with implications on sheep welfare

Cattle transporters' attitudes, indigenous knowledge, and current practices towards animal welfare, occupational well-being, and operational challenges: A survey of five regions in Ghana

“…Considering the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, commonly referred to as One Health, it is vital to recognize the broader impact of welfare concerns during animal transport [ 47 ]. The transportation of cattle, in particular, has the potential to affect the health and welfare of both the transported animals and the humans involved in the process [ 48 ].…”

Welfare of small ruminants during transport

“…The loading and unloading operations are a strategic element of transport and are based on a series of practices of handling and driving the animals on or off the vehicle through a series of fences, aisles, chutes, docks, ramps and/or hydraulic lifts (Pulido et al., 2019). The quality of these operations is highly dependent on factors in the production environment such as: available infrastructure, microclimatic conditions, handlers' skills, training and attitudes, and logistical planning (Pulido et al., 2019). In addition, factors inherent to the animals also influence the loading/unloading procedures, such as the commercial category, previous experiences, herding behaviour of the breed and fitness for the journey (Miranda‐de la Lama et al., 2010).…”

“…All of the above increases the perception of risk in sheep causing fear, nervousness and anxiety as a result of sensory overstimulation (Burnard et al., 2015; Pulido et al., 2019). –PRE: It is advisable that in the design and/or maintenance of chutes, passageways and loading/unloading docks, care should be taken to avoid large contrasts of light that cause the animals to refuse to pass through.…”

“…• olfactory stimuli (pheromones, dust and gases). All of the above increases the perception of risk in sheep causing fear, nervousness and anxiety as a result of sensory overstimulation (Burnard et al, 2015;Pulido et al, 2019).…”

“…Small ruminant transport has become more stratified, including more intermediate steps between the main links, such as auction markets, collection centres and CPs making the logistics dynamic and complex (Miranda-de la Lama et al, 2010). These scales likely improve the efficiency of the livestock industry, but also increase the incidence of stress and accidents (Pulido et al, 2019).…”