Transporters and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Rai, Vandna; Tuteja, Narendra; Takabe, Teruhiro

doi:10.1002/9783527632930.ch22

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Recently, it is experimentally proven that halophytes are one of the most appropriate models for the studying different salt stress tolerance mechanisms (Shabala, 2013 ; Flowers and Colmer, 2015 ; Himabindu et al, 2016 ). A number of evidences suggest that all plants have almost similar salt tolerance regulatory mechanisms and there are quantitative differences rather than qualitative between halophyte and glycophyte (Anjum et al, 2012 ; Rai et al, 2012 ; Bartels and Dinakar, 2013 ; Sreeshan et al, 2014 ; Joshi et al, 2015 ; Volkov, 2015 ; Muchate et al, 2016 ). It may be because of higher expression of key genes involved in the salt stress tolerance mechanism, or halophytic proteins are intrinsically more active than the corresponding glycophytic proteins (Anjum et al, 2012 ; Das and Strasser, 2013 ; Himabindu et al, 2016 ; Muchate et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halophytes: Potential Resources for Salt Stress Tolerance Genes and Promoters

2017

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Halophytes have demonstrated their capability to thrive under extremely saline conditions and thus considered as one of the best germplasm for saline agriculture. Salinity is a worldwide problem, and the salt-affected areas are increasing day-by-day because of scanty rainfall, poor irrigation system, salt ingression, water contamination, and other environmental factors. The salinity stress tolerance mechanism is a very complex phenomenon, and some pathways are coordinately linked for imparting salinity tolerance. Though a number of salt responsive genes have been reported from the halophytes, there is always a quest for promising stress-responsive genes that can modulate plant physiology according to the salt stress. Halophytes such as Aeluropus, Mesembryanthemum, Suaeda, Atriplex, Thellungiella, Cakile, and Salicornia serve as a potential candidate for the salt-responsive genes and promoters. Several known genes like antiporters (NHX, SOS, HKT, VTPase), ion channels (Cl−, Ca2+, aquaporins), antioxidant encoding genes (APX, CAT, GST, BADH, SOD) and some novel genes such as USP, SDR1, SRP etc. were isolated from halophytes and explored for developing stress tolerance in the crop plants (glycophytes). It is evidenced that stress triggers salt sensors that lead to the activation of stress tolerance mechanisms which involve multiple signaling proteins, up- or down-regulation of several genes, and finally the distinctive or collective effects of stress-responsive genes. In this review, halophytes are discussed as an excellent platform for salt responsive genes which can be utilized for developing salinity tolerance in crop plants through genetic engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halophytes: Potential Resources for Salt Stress Tolerance Genes and Promoters

2017

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“…The control of gas exchange by stomatal movements allows plants to occupy habitats with fluctuating environmental conditions, and it has been predicted that stomata are important contributors to speciation and evolutionary change (Hetherington & Woodward, ). In addition, stomatal closure is one of the most important responses to periods of drought, the abiotic stress that most affects global agricultural production (Rai & Takabe, ). Plants under water deficit may employ a range of different physiological strategies in order to optimize the influx of water from soil and/or to minimize water loss via transpiration (Jones, ; Acharya & Assmann, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guard cell‐specific upregulation of sucrose synthase 3 reveals that the role of sucrose in stomatal function is primarily energetic

et al. 2015

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SummaryIsoform 3 of sucrose synthase (SUS3) is highly expressed in guard cells; however, the precise function of SUS3 in this cell type remains to be elucidated.Here, we characterized transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants overexpressing SUS3 under the control of the stomatal-specific KST1 promoter, and investigated the changes in guard cell metabolism during the dark to light transition.Guard cell-specific SUS3 overexpression led to increased SUS activity, stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate and growth. Although only minor changes were observed in the metabolite profile in whole leaves, an increased fructose level and decreased organic acid levels and sucrose to fructose ratio were observed in guard cells of transgenic lines. Furthermore, guard cell sucrose content was lower during lightinduced stomatal opening. In a complementary approach, we incubated guard cell-enriched epidermal fragments in 13 C-NaHCO 3 and followed the redistribution of label during dark to light transitions; this revealed increased labeling in metabolites of, or associated with, the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The results suggest that sucrose breakdown is a mechanism to provide substrate for the provision of organic acids for respiration, and imply that manipulation of guard cell metabolism may represent an effective strategy for plant growth improvement.

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