Transport properties of gaseous ions over a wide energy range. Part III

Ellis, H. W.; Thackston, M. G.; McDaniel, E. W.; Mason, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/0092-640x(84)90018-4

Cited by 215 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Note also that the benzene molecular ion signal (m/z 78) is shifted slightly to higher mobility (faster drift time) with respect to the hydrocarbon fragment ion trend, which is a result of the ordered ring structure of benzene. The close correlation in mobility of the Kr + and Kr 2+ species is confirmed by previously published mobility data in helium [42], and this measurement is used to verify the instrument calibration. Figure 4b contains a series of mass-selected spectra corresponding to decreasing ion injection energy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Early variable temperature drift tube work has also validated the significant effect of the gas temperature on changing the gas-phase ion mobility, particularly to longer drift times [18,39], though the extent of the temperature on the analytical IM separation has not yet been investigated in extensive detail. While both high and low temperature drift gas experiments can affect the separation of ions in the drift tube experiment [40][41][42][43], there is practical utility in conducting the separation at low temperature since a significant cause of band broadening, thermal diffusion, decreases with a decrease in the drift gas temperature. This effect is apparent from the low-field ion mobility resolving power equation [44]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mass-Selective Variable-Temperature Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer for Temperature Dependent Ion Mobility Studies

May

Russell

2011

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A hybrid ion mobility-mass spectrometer (IM-MS) incorporating a variable-temperature (80-400 K) drift tube is presented. The instrument utilizes an electron ionization (EI) source for fundamental small molecule studies. Ions are transferred to the IM-MS analyzer stages through a quadrupole, which can operate in either broad transmission or mass-selective mode. Ion beam modulation for the ion mobility experiment is accomplished by an electronic shutter gate. The variable-temperature ion mobility spectrometer consists of a 30.2 cm uniform field drift tube enclosed within a thermal envelope. Subambient temperatures down to 80 K are achievable through cryogenic cooling with liquid nitrogen, while elevated temperatures can be accessed through resistive heating of the envelope. Mobility separated ions are mass analyzed by an orthogonal time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. This report describes the technological considerations for operating the instrument at variable temperature, and preliminary results are presented for IM-MS analysis of several small mass ions. Specifically, mobility separations of benzene fragment ions generated by EI are used to illustrate significantly improved (greater than 50%) ion mobility resolution at low temperatures resulting from decreased diffusional broadening. Preliminary results on the separation of long-lived electronic states of Ti + formed by EI of TiCl 4 and hydration reactions of Ti + with residual water are presented.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mass-Selective Variable-Temperature Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer for Temperature Dependent Ion Mobility Studies

May

Russell

2011

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…43. For the Ar(4s) diffusion coefficient, we use D 4s n g ½cm À1 s À1 ¼ 1:16 Â 10 18 ðT g ½K =300Þ 0:5 from Refs.…”

Section: B Reactions Rate Coefficients and Transport Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron confinement and heating in microwave-sustained argon microplasmas

Hoskinson

Gregório

Parsons

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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We systematically measure and model the behavior of argon microplasmas sustained by a broad range of microwave frequencies. The plasma behavior exhibits two distinct regimes. Up to a transition frequency of approximately 4 GHz, the electron density, directly measured by Stark broadening, increases rapidly with rising frequency. Above the transition frequency, the density remains approximately constant near 5 × 1020 m–3. The electrode voltage falls with rising frequency across both regimes, reaching approximately 5 V at the highest tested frequency. A fluid model of the plasma indicates that the falling electrode voltage reduces the electron temperature and significantly improves particle confinement, which in turn increases the plasma density. Particles are primarily lost to the electrodes at lower frequencies, but dissociative recombination becomes dominant as particle confinement improves. Recombination events produce excited argon atoms which are efficiently re-ionized, resulting in relatively constant ionization rates despite the falling electron temperature. The fast rates of recombination are the result of high densities of electrons and molecular ions in argon microplasmas.

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“…The experimental tables include all of the smoothed and critically assessed data contained in four papers published in Atomic and Nuclear Data Tables. [118][119][120][121] They also include data published since the last of these papers. Since the goal is to be complete, some of the data contained here replicates data contained in other sections of the LXCat database.…”

Section: Viehland Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

LXCat: an Open‐Access, Web‐Based Platform for Data Needed for Modeling Low Temperature Plasmas

Pitchford

Alves

Bartschat

et al. 2016

Plasma Processes & Polymers

224

216

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LXCat is an open‐access platform (http://www.lxcat.net) for curating data needed for modeling the electron and ion components of technological plasmas. The data types presently supported on LXCat are scattering cross sections and swarm/transport parameters, ion‐neutral interaction potentials, and optical oscillator strengths. Twenty‐four databases contributed by different groups around the world can be accessed on LXCat. New contributors are welcome; the database contributors retain ownership and are responsible for the contents and maintenance of the individual databases. This article summarizes the present status of the project.

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Transport properties of gaseous ions over a wide energy range. Part III

Cited by 215 publications

References 58 publications

A Mass-Selective Variable-Temperature Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer for Temperature Dependent Ion Mobility Studies

A Mass-Selective Variable-Temperature Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer for Temperature Dependent Ion Mobility Studies

Electron confinement and heating in microwave-sustained argon microplasmas

LXCat: an Open‐Access, Web‐Based Platform for Data Needed for Modeling Low Temperature Plasmas

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