Transport properties of condensed monolayers

Blank, Martin; Britten, John S.

doi:10.1016/0095-8522(65)90053-x

Cited by 49 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…They are generally at least one order of magnitude greater than values calculated by others on the basis of photobleach recovery experiments in biological membranes (Table 111; for review see, for example, references 8,14) . However, the discrepancy is considerably smaller when comparing our values with those observed in synthetic membranes (Table III; 7,28,51,54) and those calculated on the basis oftheoretical considerations for molecules in lipid monolayers and bilayers (4,8,28,39). There are several important differences between our study and those executed by others (cf.…”

Section: Lateral Diffusion In a Chemical Gradientcontrasting

confidence: 76%

Components of the plasma membrane of growing axons. II. Diffusion of membrane protein complexes.

Small¹,

Blank²,

Ghez³

et al. 1984

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Intramembrane particles (IMPS) of the plasmalemma of mature, synapsing neurons are evenly distributed along the axon shaft. In contrast, IMPs of growing olfactory axons form density gradients : IMP density decreases with increasing distance from the perikarya, with a slope that depends upon IMP size , /. Cell Biol., 98: 1422-1433 . These IMP density gradients resemble Gaussian tails, but they are much more accurately described by the equations formulated for diffusion in a system with a moving boundary (a Stefan Problem), using constants that are dependent upon IMP size. The resulting model predicts a shallow, nearly linear IMP density profile at early stages of growth. Later, this profile becomes gradually transformed into a steep nonlinear gradient as axon elongation proceeds. This prediction is borne out by the experimental evidence. The diffusion coefficients calculated from this model range from 0.5 to 1 .8 x 10-7 Cm2/s for IMPs between 14.8 and 3 .6 nm, respectively . These diffusion coefficients are linearly dependent upon the inverse IMP diameter in accordance with the Stokes-Einstein relationship. The measured viscosity is approximately 7 centipoise . Our findings indicate (a) that most IMPS in growing axons reach distal locations by lateral diffusion in the plasma membrane, (b) that IMPS-or complexes of integral membrane proteins-can diffuse at considerably higher rates than previously reported for iso-concentration systems, and (c) that the laws of diffusion determined for macroscopic systems are applicable to the submicroscopic membrane system .The extension of an axon by the neuron involves rapid, vectorial expansion of the plasma membrane. This is largely achieved by the addition of packets of plasmalemmal precursor in the form of vesicles at the distal tip of the advancing axon (e.g., 29, 31). This precursor membrane contains few intramembrane particles (IMPs; 46), which are believed to be complexes of integral membrane proteins (e.g., 5, 25, 45). In the growing axon's plasma membrane, the profile of components as seen by freeze-fracture changes as a function of distance from the perikaryon (see our companion paper, reference 46). A similar distribution is also seen for saxitoxin binding sites, putative Na+-channels (see our companion paper, reference 49). These observations suggest that IMPs-or complexes of integral membrane proteins-are inserted into the plasmalemma proximally, at the perikaryon, and diffuse laterally within the plane of the membrane to reach the distal neuritic shaft. In this paper, we describe an analysis of the IMP density data in terms of diffusion in a system that expands with time. The resulting model matches the measured values with a high degree ofaccuracy and, therefore, strongly supports the diffusion concept. Thus, the investigation of IMP distribution in the growing axon gives insight into diffusion processes in the plasma membrane over extended time periods and long distances and, in particular, in a chemical gradient, a nonequilibrium system. Thus, the gr...

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Section: Lateral Diffusion In a Chemical Gradientcontrasting

confidence: 76%

Components of the plasma membrane of growing axons. II. Diffusion of membrane protein complexes.

Small¹,

Blank²,

Ghez³

et al. 1984

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…They found a surface diffusivity of 3 x 10-4 cm 2 /sec indicating that expanded monolayers behave much like a liquid. Blank and Britten (1965) -60...,.…”

Section: Effect Of Insoluble Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surface Turbulence and Surfactants on Gas Transport through Liquid Interfaces

Springer¹,

Pigford²

1970

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

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A new experimental technique is used to measure the effects of surface turbulence and surfactants on mass transfer rates at gas-liquid interfaces. At high turbulence rates the statistical nature of interfaces, with and without surfactants present, may be described by a Danckwerts-type distribution function of surface ages. Measurements of surface film mass transfer resistances show that soluble surfactants offer no measurable resistance, while insoluble films show definite resistance to passage of gas molecules. The nature of surface films and their stability in the presence of interfacial turbulence are discussed.

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“…Adding the appropriate terms of Equation 6 to Equation 5 gives the starting equation for the line shape analysis:…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Motion of Surfactant Molecules at the Air-Water Interface

Mann

McGREGOR

1975

Monolayers

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Transport properties of condensed monolayers

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Components of the plasma membrane of growing axons. II. Diffusion of membrane protein complexes.

Components of the plasma membrane of growing axons. II. Diffusion of membrane protein complexes.

Influence of Surface Turbulence and Surfactants on Gas Transport through Liquid Interfaces

Molecular Motion of Surfactant Molecules at the Air-Water Interface

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