Transport phenomenon, flow field, and deposition forming of metal powder in the laser direct deposition with designed nozzle

Zhang, Jian; Yang, Lin; Li, Zhuoyuan; Zhang, Qingmao; Yu, Manjiang; Fang, Chaolong; Xiao, Haibing

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-06913-x

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The characteristic errors observed at curved and narrow areas for the zig-zag strategy and at sharp angles for the contour-parallel strategy demonstrated that the performance of path is highly geometry dependent. In addition to the tools and techniques developed to improve the quality of DED process listed here above, numerous experimental and numerical researches have been specifically conducted on the links between thermomechanical properties, process parameters and microstructure features of the deposited material [26,[39][40][41][42]. For Ti6Al4V material, in Lu et al [43] the microhardness and tensile property of the specimens obtained by DED were significantly improved by the interlayer laser shot peening treatment, reaching properties equivalent to those found in raw Ti-6Al-4 V [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing laser power of directed energy deposition process for homogeneous AISI M4 steel microstructure

Jardin¹,

Tuninetti²,

Tchuindjang³

et al. 2023

Optics & Laser Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing laser power of directed energy deposition process for homogeneous AISI M4 steel microstructure

Jardin¹,

Tuninetti²,

Tchuindjang³

et al. 2023

Optics & Laser Technology

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“…Yan et al 10 used numerical simulation software to analyze the effect of powder plate speed on the laser cladding effect and obtained the optimal process parameters. Zhang et al 11 studied a double-ring coaxial nozzle and established a three-dimensional numerical model to obtain the particle spatial trajectory and powder injection structure. Under the condition in which the powder carrier gas flow rate was 4 L∕ min and the powder feed rate was 2.0 to 3.6 g∕ min, a suitable deposition layer size can be formed to meet the requirements of industrial applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…used numerical simulation software to analyze the effect of powder plate speed on the laser cladding effect and obtained the optimal process parameters. Zhang et al 11 . studied a double-ring coaxial nozzle and established a three-dimensional numerical model to obtain the particle spatial trajectory and powder injection structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation and experimental study of the influence of coaxial powder feeding laser cladding process parameters on gas-powder flow

et al. 2023

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.Laser cladding is an advanced manufacturing technology for preparing high-performance metallurgical coatings on metal substrates that is widely used in industrial production. In order to improve the powder utilization rate and reduce the waste of powder in the coaxial powder feeding laser cladding process, the Euler–Lagrange theory was used to establish the simulation model of gas-powder two-phase flow in laser cladding. Fluent was used to simulate the powder particle size, powder particle shape factor, carrier gas flow rate, and powder feed rate under different process conditions, and the results were verified by experiments. Through analysis, under the process parameters of a carrier gas flow rate of 4 L / min and a powder feed rate of 15 g / min, the powder utilization rate was high and the surface of the cladding layer was smooth. When the particle size was 100 mesh and the particle shape factor approached 1.0, the concentration of powder focus was higher and the convergence effect was the best. The influence of powder process parameters on powder convergence was comprehensively analyzed, which is of great significance for the subsequent optimization design of nozzle and the improvement of powder utilization in the laser cladding process.

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“…Liu et al (2016) [6] focused on the characteristics of the powder stream from a coaxial continuous nozzle under inclined state and its influence on the manufacturing process. Zhang et al (2021) [7] developed a double-ring coaxial nozzle and a 3D numerical model of this nozzle considering particle collision was established to obtain particle space trajectory and powder jet structure. Ni60A reinforced coating and 3D sample constructed on the surface of the high speed shaft sleeve of coal miner after the optimization of process parameters, with the powder utilization ratio up to 54.2% and the microstructure being uniform and dense.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Flow Simulation of a Ring Type Coaxial Nozzle and Cladding Experiment in Laser Metal Deposition

Zhou

Yang

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A 3D whole size numerical model of a ring type coaxial nozzle was established to obtain particle space trajectory and convergence character. The realizable k-ε model was applied in the gas flow phase; the powder flow was coupled to the gas flow by Euler-Lagrange approach as a discrete phase model. Different powder material and particle size range were chosen to calculate the powder concentration distribution. The simulated powder stream morphology was in good agreement with the experimental results of high-speed camera observations. Simulating results show that the using of mean diameter \(\stackrel{-}{\text{d}}\) to replace Rossin–Rammler distribution of particle size could also get an accurate flowing characteristic results based on this model, this replacement could save a lot computational resource and shrinkage the computing time. The existing of coaxial shielding gas can impact the powder mass concentration spatial distribution, maximum value convergence height and spot size of the powder flow directly. For 316L with small particle size and Ni60A with large particle size, we found different change regularity and no linear relationship was found. So it was not suggest change the input volume of coaxial shielding gas without special needs. Combining with the laser cladding experiments of Ni60A, results show that the developed ring type coaxial nozzle could transport powder well and prepare excellent deposited layers, the conditional powder utilization ratio can up to 75.9%.

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Transport phenomenon, flow field, and deposition forming of metal powder in the laser direct deposition with designed nozzle

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Optimizing laser power of directed energy deposition process for homogeneous AISI M4 steel microstructure

Optimizing laser power of directed energy deposition process for homogeneous AISI M4 steel microstructure

Numerical simulation and experimental study of the influence of coaxial powder feeding laser cladding process parameters on gas-powder flow

Powder Flow Simulation of a Ring Type Coaxial Nozzle and Cladding Experiment in Laser Metal Deposition

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