Transport of Naturally Occurring Dissolved Organic Carbon in Laboratory Columns Containing Aquifer Material

Dunnivant, Frank M.; Jardine, Philip M.; Taylor, Donald R.; McCarthy, John F.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020016x

Cited by 125 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3). Dunnivant et al (58) suggested that leaching of TOC can be delayed with an extended tail due to slow and nonlinear adsorption to soil particles, but the sorption capacity of the sandy loam soil used for this experiment was moderate, as indicated by a cation exchange capacity of 13.1 cmol kg Ϫ1 in the low layer of this soil (28). The electrical conductivities (EC) of leachates from LS and OLS treatments were higher than RS during IE2 to IE4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Persistence and Leaching Potential of Microorganisms and Mineral N in Animal Manure Applied to Intact Soil Columns

Amin

Forslund

Bui

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pathogens may reach agricultural soils through application of animal manure and thereby pose a risk of contaminating crops as well as surface and groundwater. Treatment and handling of manure for improved nutrient and odor management may also influence the amount and fate of manure-borne pathogens in the soil. A study was conducted to investigate the leaching potentials of a phage (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteriophage 28B) and two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species, in a liquid fraction of raw pig slurry obtained by solid-liquid separation of this slurry and in this liquid fraction after ozonation, when applied to intact soil columns by subsurface injection. We also compared leaching potentials of surface-applied and subsurface-injected raw slurry. The columns were exposed to irrigation events (3.5-h period at 10 mm h ؊1 ) after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of incubation with collection of leachate. By the end of incubation, the distribution and survival of microorganisms in the soil of each treatment and in nonirrigated columns with injected raw slurry or liquid fraction were determined. E. coli in the leachates was quantified by both plate counts and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to assess the proportions of culturable and nonculturable (viable and nonviable) cells. Solid-liquid separation of slurry increased the redistribution in soil of contaminants in the liquid fraction compared to raw slurry, and the percent recovery of E. coli and Enterococcus species was higher for the liquid fraction than for raw slurry after the four leaching events. The liquid fraction also resulted in more leaching of all contaminants except Enterococcus species than did raw slurry. Ozonation reduced E. coli leaching only. Injection enhanced the leaching potential of the microorganisms investigated compared to surface application, probably because of a better survival with subsurface injection and a shorter leaching path.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Persistence and Leaching Potential of Microorganisms and Mineral N in Animal Manure Applied to Intact Soil Columns

Amin

Forslund

Bui

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two potential mechanisms for DOC release during the desorption experiments include (i) actual desorption from surface binding sites on sediment/sand particles and (ii) release associated with POC decomposition. There is ample evidence for sorption of DOC to soil and sediment particle surfaces (3,(42)(43)(44)(45)(46) and for the release of sorbed DOC during hydrologic disturbance (47)(48)(49). Numerous studies have documented the release of DOC during POC decomposition in soils and sediments (e.g., see references 50-56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization Habitat Controls Biomass, Composition, and Metabolic Activity of Attached Microbial Communities in the Columbia River Hyporheic Corridor

Stern

Ginder‐Vogel

Stegen

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrologic exchange plays a critical role in biogeochemical cycling within the hyporheic zone (the interface between river water and groundwater) of riverine ecosystems. Such exchange may set limits on the rates of microbial metabolism and impose deterministic selection on microbial communities that adapt to dynamically changing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) sources. This study examined the response of attached microbial communities (in situ colonized sand packs) from groundwater, hyporheic, and riverbed habitats within the Columbia River hyporheic corridor to "cross-feeding" with either groundwater, river water, or DOC-free artificial fluids. Our working hypothesis was that deterministic selection during in situ colonization would dictate the response to cross-feeding, with communities displaying maximal biomass and respiration when supplied with their native fluid source. In contrast to expectations, the major observation was that the riverbed colonized sand had much higher biomass and respiratory activity, as well as a distinct community structure, compared with those of the hyporheic and groundwater colonized sands. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a much higher proportion of certain heterotrophic taxa as well as significant numbers of eukaryotic algal chloroplasts in the riverbed colonized sand. Significant quantities of DOC were released from riverbed sediment and colonized sand, and separate experiments showed that the released DOC stimulated respiration in the groundwater and piezometer colonized sand. These results suggest that the accumulation and degradation of labile particulate organic carbon (POC) within the riverbed are likely to release DOC, which may enter the hyporheic corridor during hydrologic exchange, thereby stimulating microbial activity and imposing deterministic selective pressure on the microbial community composition. IMPORTANCEThe influence of river water-groundwater mixing on hyporheic zone microbial community structure and function is an important but poorly understood component of riverine biogeochemistry. This study employed an experimental approach to gain insight into how such mixing might be expected to influence the biomass, respiration, and composition of hyporheic zone microbial communities. Colonized sands from three different habitats (groundwater, river water, and hyporheic) were "cross-fed" with either groundwater, river water, or DOC-free artificial fluids. We expected that the colonization history would dictate the response to cross-feeding, with communities displaying maximal biomass and respiration when supplied with their native fluid source. By contrast, the major observation was that the riverbed communities had much higher biomass and respiration, as well as a distinct commu-

show abstract

“…In this, the field experiment was successful. While column studies using site-specific material [Dunnivant et al, 1992a] demonstrated differences in the mobility of NOM subcomponents, a singlespecies solute model could reproduce the NOM breakthrough curve over the short times and distances of the column studies [Jardine et al, 1992]. The larger scale of the field experiment clarified the importance of the multicomponent nature of NOM transport: the mobile components of NOM could be better characterized in the larger-volume field samples, and the spatial and temporal scale of the field experiment demonstrated the conceptual and operational failure of single-species solute models more conclusively than did the results of the column studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Tracer Tests on the Mobility of Natural Organic Matter in a Sandy Aquifer

McCarthy¹,

Gu²,

Liang³

et al. 1996

Water Resources Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The field-scale transport of natural organic matter (NOM) was examined in a two-well forced gradient injection experiment in a sandy, coastal plain aquifer in Georgetown, South Carolina. Spatial moments described the migration of the center of mass of NOM and conservative tracer. Temporal moments were used to estimate mass loss and retardation of the NOM along a transect of six sampling locations at two depths and at the withdrawal well. Large differences were observed in transport behavior of different subcomponents of NOM. Larger and more strongly binding NOM components in the injection solution are postulated to adsorb and displace weakly binding, low-molecular weight NOM in groundwater. Conversely, NOM components that were similar to the groundwater NOM were transported almost conservatively, presumably due to ''passivation'' of the aquifer by previously adsorbed components of the groundwater NOM. NOM may thus exhibit two types of effects on contaminant dynamics in the subsurface. When the equilibria between solution and solid phase NOM is disrupted by introduction of a novel source of NOM, descriptions of the multicomponent transport process are complex and predictive modeling is problematic. Because of the differences in transport behavior of NOM subcomponents, the chemical properties and, more importantly, the functional behavior of NOM with respect to contaminant migration will vary with time and distance along a flow path. However, when groundwater NOM exists at a steady state with respect to adsorption on aquifer surfaces, the migration of NOM, and the contaminant-NOM complex, may be approximated as the transport of a conservative solute.

show abstract

Transport of Naturally Occurring Dissolved Organic Carbon in Laboratory Columns Containing Aquifer Material

Cited by 125 publications

References 0 publications

Persistence and Leaching Potential of Microorganisms and Mineral N in Animal Manure Applied to Intact Soil Columns

Persistence and Leaching Potential of Microorganisms and Mineral N in Animal Manure Applied to Intact Soil Columns

Colonization Habitat Controls Biomass, Composition, and Metabolic Activity of Attached Microbial Communities in the Columbia River Hyporheic Corridor

Field Tracer Tests on the Mobility of Natural Organic Matter in a Sandy Aquifer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About