Transport of liquid water through Nafion membranes

Duan, Qiang; Wang, Huaping; Benziger, J.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.12.004

Cited by 129 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…12. The pore radius of pristine membranes is calculated to be~2.8 nm, which is similar to that reported for Nafion [53,55]. The effective pore radius increases~6 times upon 48 h exposure to Fenton's reaction time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The hydrophilic domains in the membrane form a network through which water flows. It is generally accepted that the pore size of these water channels in the membrane affects the overall water transport [53]. Kreuer studied S-PEEK membranes and found that membrane possesses narrower and less wellconnected hydrophilic channels compared to Nafion ® , which manifests itself in reduced water permeation [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of free radical-induced degradation on water permeation through PFSA ionomer membranes

Luo

Ghassemzadeh

Holdcroft

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of free radical-induced degradation on water permeation through PFSA ionomer membranes

Luo

Ghassemzadeh

Holdcroft

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…• C according to Duan et al 31 These numbers lead to a pore size of 2.93 nm for protonated N115 in water based on 3D capillaric model. In comparison, the pore diameters of protonated N117 in aqueous system typically range from ∼1 to 3 nm based on different theoretical calculations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

Darling

Gallagher

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Nonaqueous redox flow batteries are a fast-growing area of research and development motivated by the need to develop lowcost energy storage systems. The identification of a highly conductive, yet selective membrane, is of paramount importance to enabling such a technology. Herein, we report the swelling behavior, ionic conductivity, and species crossover of lithiated Nafion 117 membranes immersed in three nonaqueous electrolytes (PC, PC : EC, and DMSO). Our results show that solvent volume fraction within the membrane has the greatest effect on both conductivity and crossover. An approximate linear relationship between diffusive crossover of neutral redox species (ferrocene) and the ionic conductivity of membrane was observed. As a secondary effect, the charge on redox species modifies crossover rates in accordance with Donnan exclusion. The selectivity of membrane is derived mathematically and compared to experimental results reported here. The relatively low selectivity for lithiated Nafion 117 in nonaqueous conditions suggests that new membranes are required for competitive nonaqueous redox flow batteries to be realized. Large scale energy storage for the electricity grid is widely considered to be necessary for enabling the use of intermittent renewables as primary power sources, for stabilizing power delivery in developing economies, and for facilitating a range of high-value grid services aimed at improving efficiency and lifetime.1 To date, broad market penetration of energy storage systems has been hindered primarily by high installation and operation costs, resulting in only ∼2.5% of the total electricity production in the US relying on grid energy storage predominantly in the form of pumped hydro-electric.2 However, the rapid and sustained growth of renewable electricity generation (e.g., solar photovoltaic, wind) continues to drive the need for advanced low cost energy storage.3-5 While certain energy storage technologies, such as lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, are currently at a price point to fulfill niche markets, 6 present electrical energy storage technologies, in general, are still not economically viable for wide-scale deployment, spurring research and development efforts worldwide. 7Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are electrochemical systems wellsuited for multi-hour energy storage and offer several key advantages over enclosed batteries (e.g., Li-ion, Lead-acid) including independent scaling of power and energy, long service life, improved safety, and simplified manufacturing. [8][9][10][11] Since their advent in the 1970s, 12 numerous aqueous redox chemistries have been developed but none has experienced widespread commercial success. The use of nonaqueous electrolytes in flow batteries is a nascent, yet burgeoning, concept.Transitioning from aqueous to nonaqueous electrolytes offers an extended window of electrochemical stability (> 3 V) and an enriched selection of redox materials due to the broader design space. However, this approach is not without technical hurdles such as the identificati...

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“…The surface contact angles of GDL were measured by a contact angle system (Drop Shape Analyzer 100, Kruss, Germany) and the water permeability was characterized using a home-made equipment as reported in the literature [18]. The test pressure was 0.035 MPa and the water was collected when the water flow rate through GDL became constant.…”

Section: Characterization Of Gdlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on hydrophobicity degradation of gas diffusion layer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Sheng¹,

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2013

Energy Conversion and Management

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Transport of liquid water through Nafion membranes

Cited by 129 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of free radical-induced degradation on water permeation through PFSA ionomer membranes

Effect of free radical-induced degradation on water permeation through PFSA ionomer membranes

An Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Species Crossover of Lithiated Nafion 117 in Nonaqueous Electrolytes

Study on hydrophobicity degradation of gas diffusion layer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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