Transport of light through a dense ensemble of cold atoms in a static electric field

Skipetrov, S. E.; Sokolov, I. M.

doi:10.1103/physreva.100.013821

Cited by 5 publications

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References 50 publications

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“…It is commonly assumed in many theoretical treatments that the positions of atoms are completely independent of each other, especially in very dilute gases, e.g., Refs. [65,[72][73][74][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88]. Strictly speaking this assumption is not true because at very short distances atoms can interact with each other through, like, van der Waals interactions and collisions (like s-wave scattering) [60,89].…”

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Near-resonant light transmission in two-dimensional dense cold atomic media with short-range positional correlations

Wang

Zhao

2020

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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Light propagation in disordered media is a fundamental and important problem in optics and photonics. In particular, engineering light-matter interaction in disordered cold atomic ensembles is one of the central topics in modern quantum and atomic optics. The collective response of dense atomic gases under light excitation, which crucially depends on the spatial distribution of atoms and the geometry of the ensemble, has important impacts on quantum technologies like quantum sensors, atomic clocks and quantum information storage.Here we analyze near-resonant light transmission in two-dimensional dense ultracold atomic ensembles with short-range positional correlations. Based on the coupled-dipole simulations under different atom number densities and correlation lengths, we show that the collective effects are strongly influenced by those positional correlations, manifested as significant shifts and broadening or narrowing of transmission resonance lines. The results show that mean-field theories like Lorentz-Lorenz relation are not capable of describing such collective effects. We further investigate the statistical distribution of eigenstates, which are significantly affected by the interplay between dipole-dipole interactions and position correlations. This work can provide profound implications on collective and cooperative effects in cold atomic ensembles as well as the study of mesoscopic physics concerning light transport in strongly scattering disordered media. simplest hard-sphere-type correlation which exists in densely packed hard spheres [32] can usually increase the transport mean free path of light [33,34]. Screened Coulomb potential induced positional correlations in nanoparticle colloidal suspensions were found to induce strongly negative asymmetry factor [35,36]. Recently, some unexpected optical properties like optical transparency [37], enhanced absorption [38] and isotropic photonic band gaps [39][40][41][42] were discovered in 2D and 3D disordered media with certain structural correlations, e.g., the stealthy hyperuniform media. Therefore, structural correlations offer a great opportunity for tailoring the optical properties of disordered materials, with promising applications like structural coloration [43,44], bright white paints [45] and solar energy harvesting [38,[46][47][48][49], etc.Despite these fascinating advancements, however, it is still not fully understood how structural correlations affect optical properties of disordered media, even for an ideally simple system composed of randomly distributed spherical scatterers [45,[50][51][52][53]. In particular, the interplay between structural correlations and near-field as well as far-field electromagnetic interactions among scatterers is still not very clear [50,51,54], especially near single scatterer internal resonances (like Mie resonances for dielectric nanoparticles) at high packing density [55][56][57][58][59].On the other hand, the last three decades have witnessed the rapid development of laser cooling and trapping of atoms to r...

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Near-resonant light transmission in two-dimensional dense cold atomic media with short-range positional correlations

Wang

Zhao

2020

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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Influence of atomic motion on the collective effects in dense and cold atomic ensembles

Kuraptsev

Sokolov

2020

Phys. Rev. A

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We show that atomic motion leads not only to noticeable quantitative, but in some cases also to qualitative modification of collective effects in dense and cold atomic ensembles even in the case when the characteristic Doppler shifts are tens of times smaller than the natural linewidth. The observed influence is explained as a result of the suppression of the impact of sub-radiant collective states caused by the displacement of the atoms.Collective effects such as sub and superradiance, weak and strong (Anderson) localization have recently attracted keen interest. Atomic motion can significantly modify the character of these effects. The light emitted by one atom turns out to be non-resonant to the transition of another one moving with a different speed. In the case when the Doppler shifts are greater or comparable with the natural width of the atomic excited state, the mutual non-resonance of the atoms is taken into account by introducing a random shifts of atomic levels that are different for different atoms ([1, 2]).Lowering the temperature weakens the Doppler effect, therefore one of the most interesting objects for the study of collective effects is the atomic ensembles, cooled to sub-Doppler temperatures in special traps [3][4][5][6]. Thus, in modern magnetooptical and dipole traps, atomic clouds are cooled to temperatures of the order of 30-100 µK. In this case, the Doppler shifts and the inhomogeneous broadening of the lines are substantially less than the natural linewidth and the dipole-dipole interaction is practically indistinguishable from the case of fixed atoms (see for example [1,7]). Even the frequency diffusion due to the possible large number of light scattering by atoms is usually irrelevant [8]. For this reason, when describing collective effects the model of motionless scatterers is usually used. The displacement of atoms due to the low but finite temperature is taken into account by averaging the observed values over the random spatial configurations of atoms in the ensemble.In this paper, we show that such approach can lead not only to substantial quantitative errors, but also in some cases to qualitatively wrong conclusions, even when the Doppler frequency shifts are few tens times smaller than the natural width of the atomic transition. As an illustration, we consider two problems. In the first, we calculate the transmission of the atomic cloud and show that the time average transmittance obtained as a solution of the dynamic problem for continuously transient atoms may significantly differ from the results obtained by averaging over the random spatial configurations of immobile atoms with the same spatial distribution. The second example deals with the dynamics of the spontaneous decay in a cloud of slowly moving atoms. For times exceeding the natural lifetime, a significant effect of motion on decay rate is also found out.We consider an ensemble consisting of N >> 1 identical atoms with a nondegenerate ground state with an angular momentum J g = 0. The excited state is J e = 1. The lif...

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Sensitivity of electromagnetically induced transparency to light-mediated interactions

2021

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Transport of light through a dense ensemble of cold atoms in a static electric field

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Near-resonant light transmission in two-dimensional dense cold atomic media with short-range positional correlations

Near-resonant light transmission in two-dimensional dense cold atomic media with short-range positional correlations

Influence of atomic motion on the collective effects in dense and cold atomic ensembles

Sensitivity of electromagnetically induced transparency to light-mediated interactions

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