Transport of gold in the body.

McQueen, E. G.; Dykes, P. W.

doi:10.1136/ard.28.4.437

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…O u r b i n d i n g studies, using lY5 Au as chloride in solution, after due exchange with gold sodium thiomalate, revealed 95% of the gold was bound to the albumin fraction (Figures 2 and 3). This finding agrees with the results of in vivo experiments by McQueen and Dykes (12) in rabbits injected with radioactive gold sodium thiomalate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gold metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold compounds—reinvestigated

Mascarenhas¹,

Granda²,

Freyberg³

1972

Arthritis & Rheumatism

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Absorption of gold from injected sites occurs rapidly, reaching its peak in blood between 4 and 6 hours. In plasma, 95% of gold is bound to albumin. Three patients that were studied from the beginning of weekly therapy showed a progressive stepwise rise in plasma gold levels up to the sixth week. Urinary excretion was greatest during the first day postinjection while fecal excretion was greatest during the middle of the week. The blood levels, as well as excretion, varied from patient to patient. Patients on maintenance therapy excreted 39,16,12 and 10% of the injected dose in the first, second, third and fourth weeks postinjection, respectively. There were no significant differences in blood gold levels in patients who showed a good therapeutic response, no therapeutic benefit or toxicity.Gold salts have been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis for 40 years. Interest in this form of therapy was stimulated by Forestier (1) in 1929, who stated "the mode of action of aurotherapy in chronic rheumatism cannot

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…That statement holds true to date. However, over the years, significant contributions have been made to the understanding of metabolism of gold compounds in both animals and humans (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold compounds—reinvestigated

Mascarenhas¹,

Granda²,

Freyberg³

1972

Arthritis & Rheumatism

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bertrand ,and co-workers (lo), while noting some species differences, found highest gold concentrations in the kidneys and spleen, with lesser values in the liver, adrenal, synovial membrane and elsewhere. T h e higher gold concentration in the renal cortex than in the renal medulla has been previously noted in animal studies (15). No information regarding gold levels in these tissues in patients with rheumatoid arthritis could be found except for the account by Parr and Taylor (16) of a cirrhotic patient who had received a total of 1.8 g of gold 13 years previously and whose concentration of gold in the liver was 2 rg/g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Tissue gold concentration in a rheumatoid arthritic receiving chrysotherapy

Gottlieb

Smith

1972

Arthritis & Rheumatism

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postmortem specimens from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who had received 5 g of aurothioglucose were examined histologically, and their gold content was determined by activation analysis. The highest concentration of gold was found in the lymph nodes followed by the adrenal gland, renal cortex and other organs of the reticuloendothelial system. Comparatively low concentrations were found in tissues comprising the joint structure. Organs in which the greatest quantities of gold were stored include the bone marrow, liver, skin and bone. These findings demonstrate the body's capacity to store relatively large quantities of gold without adverse reaction, support the concept of a systemic rather than local mechanism of action (at the joint level) and demonstrate in vivo gold concentrations in the range expected to produce local cellular biologic effects.The metabolic and excretory pathways of gold compounds have been of interest to investigators since their benefit in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis was first reported more than 40 years ago (1). Abundant data are available regarding gold concentrations in blood and its components and in the urine and feces of human and experimental animal models (2-6). T' issue distribution of gold, on the other hand, has been adequately studied only in animals (7,8) Submitted for publication Apr 6, 1971; accepted June 21, 1971. tissues has never been systematically measured. There are scanty reports of gold levels in human skin, synovium, synovial fluid, etc, but methods of gold analysis were relatively insensitive and some of the patients studied had received only one injection of a radioactive gold-labeled compound rather than a course of gold therapy (2,3,9,10). No information is available regarding gold concentrations in internal organs or in the musculoskeletal system of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on longterm chrysotherapy. The sudden death of such a patient afforded us the opportunity to analyze tissues for their gold content. CASE REPORTMV was a 68-year-old white female with classic rheumatoid arthritis, by the ARA criteria. of 16 years duration who died in November 1969, of an overdose of barbiturate. When first seen in the Arthritis Clinic at Jackson Memorial Hospital in June 1958, she related a 5-year history of progressive polyarthritis with morning stiffness. Physical examination showed active synovitis of metacarpal phalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, 16Arthritis and Rheumatism, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Januafy-FebrurIy 1 9 n )

show abstract

“…For instance, most workers have found the majority of gold associated with the plasma proteins to be bound to the albumin, and whereas some (Lorber et al, 1972;Kamel et al, 1977) have found small amounts of gold attached to the a, {J, y-globulin fractions, others (Schattenkirchner and Grosbenski, 1977) have not. Binding to fibrinogen has been reported by Lawrence (1961), but others (McQueen and Dykes, 1969;Pole et al, 1971;Oohara et al, 1974) have reported no such binding. Similar uncertainties exist in the extent of the incorporation of gold into the blood cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Distribution of Gold in Blood during Chrysotherapy

et al. 1978

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Measurements have been made using electrophoresis and neutron activation analysis of the distribution of gold in the blood of four patients who have responded well to chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. It has been shown that in these patients there is little, if any, binding to the fibrinogen. The majority of protein-bound gold is associated with the albumin but significant amounts are bound to the other proteins. There is a small amount of gold associated with the blood cells.allowed to dry at room temperature, and then placed with the aid of forceps into polythene bags, which were sealed ready for neutron activation analysis. Electrophoresis (using equipment supplied by Shandon Southern Ltd.) was carried out using the buffer Tris 1 EDTA acid 1 boric acid (60'5 g, 6,0 g, 4·6 g per litre) at a pH of 8·6. The serum samples (10 JLI) were applied to 78 x 150 mm strips of cellulose acetate, and electrophoresis was carried out for 90 minutes across a gap of 120 mm at a constant current setting of 0·04 rnA mrrrt. The strips were air dried, immersed in Ponceau S stain (0'2 % in 3 % of trichloroacetic acid) for 30 min, and then washed with 5 % acetic acid. The strips were dried in air at room temperature, cut into sections corresponding to the prealbumin, albumin, nr-, ua-, {J-, and y-globulin regions, and the sections were then sealed in plastic bags.The samples from each patient were placed in a polythene container together with a standard containing 10-8 g of gold. The standards were made by dropping 10 JLI of a suitable solution of gold chloride onto a piece of filter paper which was sealed in a polythene envelope. Irradiation took place in the London University Research Reactor, Ascot for about seven hours at a flux of approximately 10 12 n cm-2 S-I. The samples were allowed to stand for a few days to allow interfering activities (particularly 24Na) to decay to low levels before measurements were made of the 198Au activity (half-life 2·7 days) arising from the reaction 197Au (n, y) 198Au. The measurements were made by observing the 412 KeV y-rays arising from the decay of 198Au using a well-type NaI (TI) crystal.

show abstract

Transport of gold in the body.

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Gold metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold compounds—reinvestigated

Gold metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold compounds—reinvestigated

Tissue gold concentration in a rheumatoid arthritic receiving chrysotherapy

Distribution of Gold in Blood during Chrysotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About